Variables | Odds radio | 95% CI | p value | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Age group | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 10–19 | Reference |  |  |  |
 20–29 | 3.197 | 1.169 | 8.741 | 0.024 |
 30–39 | 3.723 | 1.371 | 10.110 | 0.01 |
 40–49 | 4.418 | 1.629 | 11.987 | 0.004 |
 50–59 | 7.881 | 2.910 | 21.346 | < 0.001 |
 60–69 | 14.898 | 5.509 | 40.292 | < 0.001 |
 70–79 | 22.321 | 8.248 | 60.406 | < 0.001 |
 80–89 | 25.467 | 9.275 | 69.929 | < 0.001 |
 ≥ 90 | 18.125 | 4.298 | 76.427 | < 0.001 |
Gender | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Male | Reference |  |  |  |
 Female | 2.082 | 1.902 | 2.279 | < 0.001 |
Height | 0.940 | 0.935 | 0.944 | < 0.001 |
Weight | 0.972 | 0.968 | 0.976 | < 0.001 |
BMI | 1.020 | 1.008 | 1.032 | 0.002 |
Obesitya | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Underweight (< 18.5) | Reference |  |  |  |
 Normal (18.5–24.9) | 1.167 | 0.944 | 1.441 | 0.153 |
 Obese (> 25) | 1.343 | 1.082 | 1.668 | 0.008 |
Smoking status | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Non/Ex-smoker | Reference |  |  |  |
 Current smoker | 0.555 | 0.495 | 0.622 | < 0.001 |
Alcohol consumption | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 None | Reference |  |  |  |
 ≥ 1 drink/month | 0.487 | 0.447 | 0.530 |  < 0.001 |
Occupation | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Unemployed (Student, housewife, etc.) | Reference |  |  |  |
 Office work | 0.272 | 0.232 | 0.319 | < 0.001 |
 Sales and services | 0.492 | 0.423 | 0.572 | < 0.001 |
 Agriculture, forestry and fishery | 2.003 | 1.777 | 2.257 | < 0.001 |
 Machine fitting and simple labor | 0.609 | 0.539 | 0.688 | < 0.001 |
Household incomeb | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Low |  |  |  |  |
 Low-moderate | 0.484 | 0.433 | 0.541 | < 0.001 |
 Moderate-high | 0.376 | 0.335 | 0.422 | < 0.001 |
 High | 0.310 | 0.274 | 0.349 | < 0.001 |
Education levelc | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 ≤ 6 years | Reference |  |  |  |
 7–9 years | 0.457 | 0.399 | 0.523 | < 0.001 |
 10–12 years | 0.245 | 0.221 | 0.273 | < 0.001 |
  ≥ 13 years | 0.179 | 0.157 | 0.204 | < 0.001 |
Physical activityd | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Walk | 1.043 | 0.960 | 1.133 | 0.316 |
 Middle PA | 1.542 | 1.385 | 1.717 | < 0.001 |
 High PA | 0.946 | 0.844 | 1.061 | 0.341 |
Depressive symptome | 2.176 | 1.972 | 2.401 | < 0.001 |
Vitamin Df | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Insufficiency (< 20 ng/ml) | Reference |  |  |  |
 Normal (≥ 20 ng/ml) | 0.695 | 0.635 | 0.761 | < 0.001 |
Comorbidities | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Hypertension | 2.198 | 2.007 | 2.408 | < 0.001 |
 Dyslipidemia | 1.765 | 1.541 | 2.022 | < 0.001 |
 Stroke | 2.826 | 2.285 | 3.495 | < 0.001 |
 Ischemic heart disease | 2.837 | 2.292 | 3.512 | < 0.001 |
 Knee osteoarthritis | 3.699 | 3.380 | 4.048 | < 0.001 |
 Asthma | 2.344 | 1.988 | 2.764 |  < 0.001 |
 COPD | 2.699 | 1.959 | 3.720 | < 0.001 |
 Diabetes | 1.729 | 1.511 | 1.978 | < 0.001 |
 Chronic kidney disease | 1.892 | 1.087 | 3.295 | < 0.001 |
 Liver cirrhosis | 2.321 | 1.103 | 4.882 | 0.026 |
 Cancerg | 2.236 | 1.836 | 2.725 | < 0.001 |