Table 1 Literature review of childhood chronic haematogenous osteomyelitis (CCHOM) of long bones
Work | Cases (n) | Mean age (years) | Gender (M/F) | Location (n or %) | Surgical methods used | Follow-up (mean) | Results | Complications at the last follow-up |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Daoud et al. [4] | 34 | 7.7 | 17/17 | Tibia: 24 Femur: 8 Humerus: 2 | Sequestrectomy, Debridement, Immobilisation Corticocancellous iliac grafts | 37 months | Limb length discrepancy, Fracture, Axial deformity, Non-union | |
Liu et al. [5] | 11 | 14 | 7/4 | Humerus: 11 | Osteotomy, Callus distraction by monolateral external fixator | 106 months | Excellent: 7 Good: 3 Poor:1 | Pin track infection, Local inflammation, Flexion contracture of elbow, Pin loosening, Inferior subluxation of the glenohumeral joint |
Hoang et al. [6] | 6 | 9.8 | 6/0 | Tibia: 6 | Debridement, Free gracilis muscle flap, | 3 years | Satisfactory: 6 | No complication |
Kucukkaya et al. [7] | 7 | 7.2 | 5/2 | Tibia: 7 | Sequestrectomy, Debridement, Ilizarov technique | 4.6 years | Excellent: 7 | No complication |
Stevenson et al. [8] | 145 | 10 | Tibia: 46% Femur: 26% Humerus: 10% | Drilling and curettage of abscess, Sequestrectomy, Stabilisation, Reconstruction of bone defect | At least 3 years | |||
Beckles et al. [9] | 167 | 8 | 102/65 | Tibia: 79 Femur: 47 Humerus: 18 | Sequestrectomy, Drilling Curettage, Incision and drainage of abscess, Bone grafting, Bone transport | At least one year | Infection recurrence, Below-knee amputation | |
Ellur et al. [10] | 34 | 4 | 22/9 | Tibia: 17 Femur: 12 Humerus: 1 Metacarpal: 1 | Debridement, Antibiotic-impregnated calcium sulphate beads | 42 months | No infection recurrence No reoperation No systemic adverse reaction | Length discrepancy (< 1 cm) |
El-Rosasy et al. [11] | 14 | 9.2 years | 9/5 | Tibia: 14 | Ilizarov techniques, Fibular osteotomy | 36.9 months | Satisfactory 12 Unsatisfactory 2 | Refracture, Limb shortening |
Wirbel et al. [12] | 16 (out of 11 patients) | Debridement, Sequestrectomy External fixator Vacuum-assisted closure (VAC) system, Coverage of the soft tissue, Fibula or rib transplantation | 24 months | Functional restrictions, Length discrepancy | ||||
Lauschke et al. [13] | 30 (out of 24 patients) | Tibia: 30 | Drainage of abscess, Cortical fenestration, Sequestrectomy, A composite transposition of the ipsilateral fibula | 2 years | Restriction of motion, Limb shortening | |||
Wang et al. [27] | Tibia | Debridement, Masquelet technique | 25 months | Bone union, No infection recurrence | Small bone diameter, Limitation of knee activity |