Table 1 Definitions of sensory testing included in the review
Sensory testing | Definition |
|---|---|
Cold detection threshold | The minimum detectable amount of applied cold |
Warm detection threshold | The minimum detectable amount of applied warmth |
Thermal sensory limen | The interval between the minimum detectable amount of applied warm and cold |
Mechanical detection threshold | The minimum amount of mechanical stimulation that can be detected or elicit pain |
Vibration detection threshold | The minimum amount of vibration intensities needed to elicit vibration sensation |
Cold pain threshold | The minimum amount of cold needed to elicit pain sensation |
Heat pain threshold | The minimum amount of heat needed to elicit pain sensation |
Mechanical pain threshold | Geometric mean of series of applied forces via pin prick stimulator of different intensities ranged from 8 to 512 mN |
Pressure pain threshold | The minimum amount of pressure needed to elicit painful sensation |
Mechanical pain sensitivity | Pain ratings after a series of mechanical stimuli that needed to elicit mechanical pain threshold |
Wind-up ratio (temporal summation) | Numerical ratings within five trains of a single pinprick stimulus (a) divided by a series (b) of 10 repetitive pinprick stimuli. WUR is the ratio: b/a |
Pain ratings after noxious stimulus | Pain ratings of thermal and mechanical thresholds that provoked pain |
Area after pinprick hyperalgesia | Surface area of pain distribution after application of pinprick mechanical stimulus needed to elicit pain |
Flare area after electric | Â |
stimulus | Area of blood perfusion after application of an electrical stimulus, usually assessed through laser Doppler imaging |
Electric pain threshold | The minimum amount of electric current needed to elicit pain |
Current (electric) detection threshold | The minimum amount of detected electric current |
Dynamic mechanical allodynia | Pathological sensory response to innocuous stimulus, usually assessed through application of cotton piece or foam brush |
Paradoxical heat sensation | The perception of heat during rapid cooling of the skin |
Conditioned pain modulation | The increase in thermal or mechanical pain thresholds after application of noxious stimulus in remote area away from the affected area. It represents the spatial assessor of endogenous pain modulation |
Levels of pleasantness | The pleasantness level after application of stroking of velocity commonly ranged from 1 to 10Â cm/s with C-tactile fibers are responsible for affective touch processing |