Pain levels and patient comfort after lower limb arthroplasty comparing i.v. patient-controlled analgesia, continuous peripheral nerve block and neuraxial analgesia: a retrospective cohort analysis of clinical routine data

Table 1 Patient characteristics

	Total	THA	Epi	WPD	Pir	TKA	PNB	Pir
Number (n [%])	769	453 [58.9]	48 [10.6]	333 [73.5]	72 [15.9]	316 [41.1]	185 [58.5]	131 [41.5]
Male sex (n [%])	315 [41.0]	202 [44.6]				113 [35.8]
Age (years)	68 [18]	69 [29]				67 [17]
Height (cm)	169 [14]	170 [13]				168 [16]
Weight (kg)	80 [25]	78 [24]				85 [27]
BMI (kg/m²)	27.6 [8.1]	27.0 [7.1]				29.2 [9.5]
Chronic analgesic medication
Non-opioid (n [%])			18 [37.5]	171 [51.4]	20 [27.8]		77 [41.6] *	73 [55.7]
Opioid (n [%])			8 [16.7] ***	37 [11.1] ***	38 [52.8]		47 [25.4]	26 [19.8]
Additional single-shot RA (n [%])			– [–]	195 [58.6] *	30 [41.7]		185 [100] ***	74 [56.5]
Need for opioid co-analgesia (n [%])			7 [14.6] ***	13 [3.9] ***	34 [47.2]		53 [28.6]	25 [19.1]

THA total hip arthroplasty, TKA total knee arthroplasty, Epi epidural analgesia, WPD Wurzburg Pain Drip patient-controlled analgesia (PCA), Pir piritramide PCA, PNB continuous peripheral nerve block, BMI body mass index, RA regional anesthesia
Data are given as absolute numbers (with percentage) or as median (with IQR). Fisher’s exact test. *p < .05, ***p < .005 (vs. Pir)

ISSN: 1749-799X