Fig. 2
From: Incidence and risk factors for early and late reoperation following lumbar fusion surgery
A 57-year-old patient underwent second surgery for persistent pain. The patient underwent decompression and posterior L3–L5 fusion surgery for lumbar spondylolisthesis and lumbar spinal stenosis (a–c). Preoperative leg pain was not adequately relieved after the first operation and lumbar spine MRI revealed residual stenosis at L2–L3 and L3–L4 (c). After adequate decompression surgery, the patient’s pain was relieved (d, e)