Table 2 Screw-related variables
Variables | N = 332 |
|---|---|
Instructed level | |
 T11 | 16 (4.8%) |
 T12 | 44 (13.3%) |
 L1 | 54 (16.3%) |
 L2 | 44 (13.3%) |
 L3 | 20 (6.0%) |
 L4 | 60 (18.1%) |
 L5 | 70 (21.1%) |
 S1 | 24 (7.2%) |
The side of screw | |
 Right | 166 (50%) |
 Left | 166 (50%) |
Facet joint osteoarthritis | |
 Normal | 45 (13.6%) |
 Mild | 188 (56.6%) |
 Moderate | 79 (23.8%) |
 Severe | 20 (6.0%) |
Axial pedicle angle (°) | 14.02 ± 4.92 |
Sagittal pedicle angle | 2.98 ± 6.63 |
Distance from skin to insertion point (cm) | 5.35 ± 0.90 |