Fig. 5

The infection rate analysis. In the network plot a, each ellipse (node) represents a specific exposure, with its size proportional to the number of cohorts in the node. Connections between nodes represent direct comparative studies between exposures, with the weight of the connecting lines representing the volume of direct comparative evidence. b Forest plot depicting the estimated odds ratio (OR) for each exposure pair denoted by the black square, and its associated 95% CI denoted by the width of the line, with a higher OR indicating a higher odd of complications of the group. The higher P-score demonstrates the better exposure. The 95% PI refers to the 95% prediction interval for each point estimate