Table 1 Characteristics of included studies
Methods | Participants | Intervention | Comparator | Summary of main findings | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Brixel [14] | RCT | 100 patients for total hip arthroplasty under general anesthesia | PQL block versus saline | Morphine requirement Pain score at rest and on movement PONV, urinary retention, hospital length of stay | No difference in morphine requirement, pain score, PONV, urinary retention and length of stay |
He [15] | RCT | 60 patients for total hip arthroplasty under spinal anesthesia | TQL block versus no block | Sufentanyl requirement Pain score at rest and on movement PONV, pruritis Patient satisfaction | Lower sufentanyl requirement Lower pain score Less PONV and pruritus Better satisfaction |
Abduallah [26] | RCT | 60 patients for total hip arthroplasty under spinal anesthesia | TQL block versus saline | Morphine requirement Pain score at rest PONV, motor block, time to the first analgesia request, patient satisfaction | Lower morphine requirement Prolongation of the time to the first analgesia request Lower VAS scores No difference in patient satisfaction |
He [27] | RCT | 88 patients for total hip arthroplasty under spinal anesthesia | TQL block versus saline | Morphine requirement Pain score at rest and on movement PONV, urinary retention The 10-m walk test Patient satisfaction | Lower morphine requirement Lower pain score Higher 10-m walking speed Lower incidences of nausea, vomiting, and urinary retention Better satisfaction |
Kukreja [28] | RCT | 80 patients for total hip arthroplasty under spinal anesthesia | TQL block versus no block | Morphine requirement Pain scores at rest Patient satisfaction, hospital length of stay, time to first opioid request | Lower morphine requirement Lower pain scores Better satisfaction No difference in length of hospital stay and time to first opioid request |
Haskins [18] | RCT | 96 patients for hip arthroscopy under spinal anesthesia | TQL block versus no block | Morphine requirement Pain score at rest and on movement PONV, urinary retention, hypotension Patient satisfaction | No difference in morphine requirement, pain score, satisfaction and the incidence of PONV, urinary retention, and hypotension |
Tulgar [16] | RCT | 60 patients for hip and proximal femur surgery under general anesthesia | TQL block versus erector spinae block versus no block | Tramadol requirement Pain score at rest | QLB and ESB both lower tramadol requirement and lower pain score No difference in PONV |
Wilson [30] | RCT | 46 patients for hip arthroscopy under general anesthesia | LQL block versus saline | Morphine requirement Pain score at rest and on movement Patient satisfaction | No difference in morphine requirement, pain score, satisfaction and the incidence of side effects |
Manuwong [32] | RCT-abstract | 40 patients for total hip arthroplasty under spinal anesthesia | TQL block versus no block | Morphine requirement Pain score at rest and on movement Time to first step, adverse effects Patient satisfaction | No difference in morphine consumption, pain score, time to first step, adverse effects and patient satisfaction |
Nassar [25] | RCT | 36 patients for hip arthroplasty (both total hip arthroplasty and hip hemiarthroplasty) under spinal anesthesia | TQL block versus Fascia Iliaca | Morphine requirement Pain score at rest and on movement Postoperative quadriceps muscle power | FIB showed lower 24 h morphine consumption, QLB showed better quadriceps motor power No difference in pain score |
Hashmi [29] | RCT-abstract | 48 patients for total hip arthroplasty under spinal anesthesia | TQL block versus fascia iliaca block | Opioid requirement Pain score at rest Motor block | No difference in opioid requirement and pain score at rest, and motor block |
Parras [31] | RCT | 97 patients for hip hemiarthroplasty under spinal anesthesia | LQL block versus femoral nerve block | Opioid requirement Pain score | Lower morphine requirement and pain score |
Polania [17] | RCT | 46 patients for total hip arthroplasty under spinal anesthesia | TQL block versus lumbar plexus block | Morphine requirement Pain score at rest and on movement Time to achieve 100 feet of walking | No difference in pain score, opioid consumption and time to achieve 100 feet of walking |