Does minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (MIS-TLIF) influence functional outcomes and spinopelvic parameters in isthmic spondylolisthesis?

Table 2 Functional outcome measures and post hoc test results

	Baseline	Postoperative			Test*	p value (Sig.)
	Baseline	6 weeks	6 months	Final	Test*	p value (Sig.)
Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) for back
Mean ± SD	8.42 ± 0.58	3.58 ± 0.65	2.17 ± 0.38	1.79 ± 0.88	62.074*	< 0.001 (HS)
Median (range)	8 (7–9)	3.5 (3–5)	2 (2–3)	1.5 (1–3)	62.074*	< 0.001 (HS)
Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) for leg
Mean ± SD	7.46 ± 0.98	3.33 ± 0.48	1.25 ± 0.44	1.00 ± 1.59	66.792*	< 0.001 (HS)
Median (range)	7 (6–9)	3 (3–4)	1 (1–2)	1 (0–8)	66.792*	< 0.001 (HS)
Oswestry Disability Index (ODI)%
Mean ± SD	52.21 ± 6.79	17.54 ± 1.25	14.04 ± 2.35	15.71 ± 9.95	59.484*	< 0.001 (HS)
Median (range)	51 (42–63)	18 (15–19)	14 (10–19)	14.5 (10–61)	59.484*	< 0.001 (HS)

Post hoc test results
	Preoperative versus 6 weeks	Preoperative versus 6 months	Preoperative versus final	6 weeks versus 6 months	6 weeks versus final	6 months versus final
Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) for back
Test‡	− 4.451	− 4.373	− 4.323	− 4.092	− 4.011	− 1.806
p value (Sig.)	< 0.001 (HS)	< 0.001 (HS)	< 0.001 (HS)	< 0.001 (HS)	< 0.001(HS)	0.071
Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) for Leg
Test‡	− 4.344	− 4.328	− 4.319	− 4.518	− 3.7	− 2.337
p value (Sig.)	< 0.001 (HS)	< 0.001 (HS)	< 0.001 (HS)	< 0.001 (HS)	< 0.001 (HS)	0.019
Oswestry Disability Index (ODI)
Test‡	− 4.289	− 4.29	− 4.26	− 3.75	− 3.189	− 0.241
p value (Sig.)	< 0.001 (HS)	< 0.001 (HS)	< 0.001 (HS)	< 0.001 (HS)	0.001 (S)	0.809

^*Friedman’s test was used, ‡ Wilcoxon signed-rank test, p < 0.05 is significant and Sig.: Significance

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