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Table 1 Material properties and element types in intact model and surgery models of the lumbar spine

From: Biomechanical study of oblique lumbar interbody fusion (OLIF) augmented with different types of instrumentation: a finite element analysis

Components

Young’s modulus (MPa)

Poisson’s ratio

Element type

References

Cortical bone

12,000

0.3

C3D8R

[25]

Cancellous bone

100

0.4

C3D4

[29]

Cortical endplate

12,000

0.3

C3D8R

[25]

Posterior element

3500

0.25

C3D4

[29]

Sacrum

5000

0.2

C3D4

[27]

Facet cartilage

Neo-Hookean, C10 = 2

 

C3D8RH

[27, 28, 32]

Annulus ground

Mooney–Rivlin, C1 = 0.18, C2 = 0.045

 

C3D8RH

[27, 28, 32]

Nucleus pulposus

Mooney–Rivlin, C1 = 0.12, C2 = 0.03

 

C3D8RH

[27, 28, 32]

Annulus fibres

Calibrated stress–strain curves

 

Spring

[27, 35]

Seven ligaments

Calibrated deflection–force curves

 

Spring

[27, 34, 35]

Cage

3600

0.25

C3D8R

[36, 37]

Screws and rods

110,000

0.28

C3D8R

[36, 37]

Lateral plate

110,000

0.28

C3D8R

[36, 37]