Fig. 3

A Regional differences in X-ray attenuation of trabecular bone on the Hounsfield scale. Cervical vertebrae had significantly higher HU than thoracic and lumbar vertebrae (Kruskal–Wallis test, p values in Table 3). The subgroup analysis using the Mann–Whitney U test yielded no significant difference between women and men (p = 0.057) but did reveal a significant difference between people with a maximum of one fracture and those with two or more fractures (p = 0.005). B Regional variations in vertebral trabecular BVF. Cervical vertebrae had a significantly higher BVF than thoracic or lumbar vertebrae (Kruskal–Wallis test, p values in Table 2). The subgroup analysis using the Mann–Whitney U test revealed no significant difference between women and men but did yield a significant difference between people with a maximum of one fracture and those with two or more fractures (p < 0.001). C Regional variations in Tb.Th. Cervical vertebrae had a significantly higher Tb.Th more than thoracic or lumbar vertebrae. No significant differences between spinal segments were observed in people older than 80 years of age or in women (ANOVA, post hoc LSD test, p values in Table 2). The subgroup analysis using the independent t test showed no significant difference between women and men (p > 0.05) but did yield a significant difference between people with a maximum of one fracture and those with two or more fractures (p < 0.001). D Regional variations in Tb.Sp. Cervical vertebrae had a significantly lower Tb.Sp than thoracic or lumbar vertebrae (ANOVA, post hoc LSD test, p values in Table 2). A subgroup analysis using the independent t test yielded no significant difference between women and men (p > 0.05) but did reveal a significant difference between people with a maximum of one fracture and those with two or more fractures (p < 0.025). E Regional variations in DA. Cervical vertebrae had a significantly lower DA than thoracic or lumbar vertebrae. In women, no significant differences were observed among the individual spinal segments (ANOVA, post hoc LSD test, p values in Table 2). A subgroup analysis using the independent t test showed no significant difference between women and men (p > 0.05) but did yield a significant difference between people with a maximum of one fracture and those with two or more fractures (p < 0.038). F Regional variations in Tb.N. Cervical vertebrae had a significantly higher Tb.N than thoracic or lumbar vertebrae (Kruskal–Wallis test, p values in Table 2). A subgroup analysis using the Mann–Whitney U test yielded no significant difference between women and men (p > 0.05) but did reveal a significant difference between people with a maximum of one fracture and those with two or more fractures (p < 0.001). G Regional variations in Tb.Pf. Cervical vertebrae had a significantly lower Tb.Pf than thoracic or lumbar vertebrae (ANOVA, post hoc LSD test, p values in Table 2). The subgroup analysis using the independent t test yielded a significant difference between women and men (p < 0.001) and between people with a maximum of one fracture and those with two or more fractures (p < 0.001). H Regional variations in vertebral trabecular Conn.D. Cervical vertebrae had a significantly higher Conn.D than thoracic or lumbar vertebrae (Kruskal–Wallis test, p values in Table 2). The subgroup analysis using the Mann–Whitney U test yielded no significant difference between women and men or between people with a maximum of one fracture and those with two or more fractures (p > 0.05)