Differences in the flexion and extension phases during kneeling investigated by kinematic and contact point analyses: a cross-sectional study

Table 2 Medial–lateral translation, varus-valgus rotation, and inferior-superior translation of the femur relative to the tibia

Knee flexion angle (°)	n (knees)	Superior translation (mm)				Varus rotation (°)				Medial translation (mm)
Knee flexion angle (°)	n (knees)	Flexion phase	(SD)	Extension phase	(SD)	Flexion phase	(SD)	Extension phase	(SD)	Flexion phase	(SD)	Extension phase	(SD)
100	11	38.8	(3.1)	38.2**	(2.8)	5.7	(3.5)	4.6**	(3.5)	2.8	(3.5)	1.0**	(3.3)
105	13	39.2	(2.9)	38.7**	(2.7)	5.5	(3.4)	4.5**	(3.2)	2.8	(3.2)	1.5**	(2.9)
110	14	40.1	(2.9)	39.5**	(2.6)	5.2	(3.3)	4.0**	(3.1)	2.6	(3.0)	1.6*	(2.6)
115	15	40.9	(3.1)	39.5**	(2.7)	5.2	(3.1)	3.7**	(2.8)	2.6	(2.9)	2.2	(2.5)
120	15	41.0	(3.0)	40.4**	(2.6)	5.1	(3.1)	3.6*	(2.5)	2.6	(2.9)	2.9	(2.4)
125	15	41.0	(2.9)	40.4**	(2.5)	4.9	(3.2)	3.3*	(2.3)	2.6	(3.0)	3.6*	(2.5)
130	15	40.8	(2.7)	40.2*	(2.4)	4.5	(3.3)	2.9*	(2.2)	2.8	(3.1)	4.1**	(2.6)
135	15	10.4	(2.5)	39.9*	(2.3)	4.1	(3.2)	2.5*	(2.2)	3.4	(3.5)	4.7**	(2.9)
140	15	39.8	(2.2)	39.3*	(2.1)	3.5	(3.3)	2.1*	(2.1)	4.2	(3.9)	5.5*	(3.3)
145	15	39.0	(1.9)	38.4*	(1.9)	2.7	(3.3)	1.4*	(2.3)	5.0	(4.2)	6.1*	(3.6)
150	15	38.0	(1.7)	37.4*	(1.9)	1.7	(3.3)	0.6*	(2.6)	5.7	(4.3)	6.7	(3.7)
155	12	36.2	(1.6)	35.8	(1.9)	1.0	(3.5)	− 0.1*	(3.1)	7.4	(3.2)	7.9	(2.9)
Maxflex	12	34.1	(2.1)	34.1	(2.1)	− 0.2	(3.6)	− 0.2	(3.6)	8.6	(3.4)	8.6	(3.4)
Range		4.7		4.1		5.9		4.8		5.8		7.6