Fig. 5

Impact of treatment with glucose and insulin on Ras/ERK pathway. The Ras protein and p-ERK1/2 expression was significantly elevated in the treated control cells. No significant difference regarding Ras/p-ERK expression was observed between the treated and the untreated AIS cells (n = 3/group). *p < 0.05, two-tailed paired Student’s t test. Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation