Fig. 7
Adapted from Ref. 8 with permission from Springer Nature. e Different trabeculae groups and fractures viewed from superior maps: ① Anterior fracture hot spot indicates the initial fracture position (anterior red cycle). ② Medial sagittal primary fractures, the red line marks the direction. ③ Transverse primary fractures; the red line marks the direction, and the red dotted line indicates its extension. ④ Posterior fracture hot spot: the position coincided with the posterior process of the talus. ⑤ Lateral secondary fracture lines. ⑥ Secondary transverse fracture lines. ⑦ Trabeculae group A. ⑧ The "pyramid" area of compact lamella. ⑨ Sustentaculum and medial wall. ⑩ Middle and anterior subtalar joint area. ⑪ Calcaneal tuberosities. f Medial fracture map. ① Posterosuperior horizontal fracture lines. ② Calcaneal tuberosity. ③ Fracture lines parallel to group D trabeculae. ④ Coronal fracture between the calcaneal neck and body. ⑤ Medial part of the compact pyramid. ⑥ Medial extension of the transverse primary fracture. ⑦ Sustentaculum tali and medial wall. g ① Anterior fracture hot spot indicates where the lateral process of the talus wedged. ② Posterosuperior horizontal fracture lines. ③ Calcaneal tuberosity. ④ Inferior horizontal fracture lines. ⑤ Vertical fracture passes through Ward’s triangle. ⑥ Anterior horizontal fracture lines. ⑦ Lateral part of a compact pyramid
a Groups of trabeculae: A, B, C, D, E. Ward's triangle: a. b Interface of different groups of trabeculae. c Coronal section of the right calcaneus, viewed from the front, showing vertical lamellae and a thick transverse bony strut. d Coronal section of the calcaneus, viewed from behind, showing sagittal plates deep to the posterior talar facet and the horizontal cross bridges between them. The red arc marks the orientation of the interface between the lamellae, and this was also a site prone to fracture. (a), (b), (c), (d)