Fig. 1

Morphological and characteristic observation of ADSCs. A The ADSCs exhibited characteristic fibroblast-like morphology. Magnification 4 × , bar = 500 μm. B Cell surface marker expression of ADSCs was determined by flow cytometric analysis. Cultured ADSCs were positive for CD29 and CD90 but negative for CD31 and CD45. C Multi-lineage differentiation assays were used to detect the differentiative potential of ADSCs. The cultured ADSCs were under adipogenic, osteogenic, and chondrogenic induction and stained with Oil Red O, Alizarin Red, and Alcian Blue, respectively. Magnification 200 × , bar = 100 μm