Table 2 Review of literature on all studies regarding transportal reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament

Kim et al. [50]

53 (40/13)

Randomized controlled trial

92

36.4 ± 10.1

HT, Anterior TT

Bio-absorbable interference screw

Endo Button

33.6 ± 18.55 (2 year)

23.2 ± 23.76 (2 year)

45[0]; 5[+ 1]; 2[+ 2]; 1[+ 3] (2 year)

Clockaerts et al. [43]

16 (9/7)

Randomized controlled trial

70

34.4 ± 10.0

Ipsilateral HT

–

–

–

–

–

Lee et al. [55]

31 (21/8)

Randomized controlled trial

56

32.0 ± 8.3

ST for AM bundle and GT for PL bundle

bioabsorbable interfer-ence screws

cortical suspension system

–

–

–

Guglielmetti et al. [45]

38 (NA)

Randomized controlled trial

77

24

GT, ST

A metal interference screw

Endo Tunnel Device (ETD®

–

–

29 [0]; 9 [+ 1]; 0 [+ 2]; 0 [+ 3]; (6 months)

Noh et al. [59]

31 (31/0)

Randomized controlled trial

79

22

fresh-frozen AT

Bio-interference screw

EndoButton CL

–

39 (2 year)

25[0]; 5 [+ 1]; 1 [+ 2]; 0 [+ 3] (2 year)

Kyung et al. [54]

38 (28/10)

Randomized controlled trial

56

37.4 ± 11.4

ST for AM bundle and GT for PL bundle

bioabsorbable interference screws with a post tie

cortical suspensory device

–

–

-

Koutras et al. [53]

15 (15/0)

Prospective non-randomized trial

64

21.5 ± 4

HT

Cross-pins or endobutton

Cross-pins or endobutton

–

–

–

Kim et al. [49]

40 (34/6)

Prospective randomized controlled trial

66

36.5 ± 10.1

ST for AM bundle and GT for PL bundle

suspensory fixation

suspensory fixation

–

–

–

Kim et al. [51]*

40 (34/6)

Prospective randomized controlled trial

66

36.5 ± 10.1

ST for AM bundle and GT for PL bundle

suspensory fixation

suspensory fixation

–

–

–

Mirzatolooei [58]

80 (79/1)

Randomized controlled trial

77

26.6

HT

Cross-pin fixation using a TransFix®

Cross-pin fixation using a TransFix®

–

–

70 [negative]; 10 [positive] (2 year)

Kim et al. [52]

21 (18/3)

Randomized controlled trial

68

36.7 ± 10.3

ST for AM bundle and GT for PL bundle

Bioabsorbable interference screw

EndoButtonCL (Smith & Nephew Endoscopy)

–

–

–

Fujita et al. [44]

18 (6/12)

Prospective randomized study

89

26.9

ST, GT

ndoButtonCL and a post screw

ndoButtonCL and a post screw

–

30 ± 6.74 (2 year)

–

Clatworthy et al. [42]

464 (297/167)

Prospective comparative study

44

32.3

HT

Intra tendon tibial screw and sheath device (Mitek, Intrafix or Arthrex, Graftbolt)

Suspensory devices (Smith and Nephew, Endobut-ton Continuous Loop or Arthrex, Retrobutton RT)

–

–

–

Youm et al. [64]

20 (19/1)

Randomized controlled trial

76

27.6 ± 9.9

Fresh-frozen AT

Bioabsorbable interference screw

Metal interference screw

–

–

18 [negative] 2 [positive] (2 year)

Bohn et al. [41]

12 (NA)

Prospective randomized clinical trial

74

24.3 ± 4.9

ST, GT

Biodegradable interference screw

EndoButton CL

14 ± 17.03 (1 year)

13 ± 18.44(1 year)

72% [normal] (1 year)

Pujol et al. [61]

29 (16/13)

Prospective randomized single-blind

74

31.24

HT, BPTB

11 interference screw,18 double fixation

17 interference screw,12 cortical button

30/35 (1 year)

20/96 (1 year)

–

25 (17/8)

Prospective randomized single-blind

74

28.56

HT, BPTB

8 interference screw, 17 double fixation

12 interference screw,13 cortical buttion

28/93 (1 year)

20/78 (1 year)

–

Rezazadeh. et al. [62]

50 (45/5)

Prospective

69

30.6 ± 6.5

–

–

–

–

–

48 [0];1 [+ 1]; 1[+ 2]; 0[+ 3] (1 year)

Silva et al. [63]

20 (NA)

Prospective

40

24 ± 5.2

ST, GT

Bioabsorbable interference screw

Toggleloc Ziploop (BiometTM)

–

–

–

Maestro et al. [57]

26 (NA)

Prospective

40

28.6 ± 6.4

ST

Bioabsorbable interference screw

Endobutton CL cortical suspensorry

–

–

–

13 (NA)

Prospective

40

27.3 ± 6.9

ST

Bioabsorbable interference screw

Endobutton CL cortical suspensorry

–

–

–

Özer et al. [60]

30 (28/2)

Nonrandomized prospective trial

74

28.07 ± 7.42

ST, GT

Interference screw

AO screw

31.8 ± 13.74 (1 year)

24.98 ± 10.07 (1 year)

24 [0]; 6 [+ 1]; 0[+ 2]; 0[+ 3] (1 year)

Hussin et al. [47]

30 (NA)

Prospective single-blinded randomized controlled trial

74

–

ST, GT

–

–

39 (1 year)

35 (1 year)

–

Karikis et al. [48]

49 (31/18)

Prospective

82

32 ± 8.8

HT

interference screw

interference screw

–

18.2 ± 24.15 (2 year)

–

45 (32/13)

Prospective

82

29.6 ± 8.4

ST, GT

Bioresorbable screws

Metal interference screw

–

22.1 ± 22.96 (2 year)

–

MacDonald et al. [56]

46 (31/15)

Single-blinded, prospective, randomized

77

30.7 ± 9.3

ST, GT

Biocomposite interference screw

Cortical suspensory button

41 (2 year)

–

–

Zhang et al. [65]

38 (NA)

Prospective randomized single-blind

77

–

ST, GT

Intrafix system

Rigidfix system

–

28.4 ± 5.3 (1 year)

–

Hussein et al. [46]

78 (46/32)

Prospective randomized

87

34.2

ST, GT

Bioabsorbable interference screw

EndoButton

22.9 ± 15.39 (3- to 5-Year)

18.5 ± 13.5 (3- to 5-Year)

–

131 (68/63)

Prospective randomized

87

32.3

ST, GT

Bioabsorbable interference screw

EndoButton

25.1 ± 15.88 (3- to 5-Year)

20 ± 13.03 (3- to 5-Year)

–

Benea et al. [66]

23 (13/10)

Prospective Randomized study

74

30.2 ± 9.4

ST, GT

Interference screw

Interference screw

18.6 ± 21.33 (6 months)

–

–

Kouloumentas et al. [67]

45 (27/18)

Prospective Randomized study

87

29.7 ± 11.0

ST, GT

Interfrenece screw (Megafix® absorbable)

Suspensory fixation (cortical button) Flipptack™ button system

34.9 ± 17.15 (2 year)

51.8 ± 17.63 (2 year)

–

Lubowitz et al. [68]

72 (39/34)

Prospective Randomized study

87

41.1-+ 10.8

Anterior TT

Bioabsorbable tibial interference screw

Bioabsorbable tibial interference screw

34.4 ± 20.38 (2 year)

–

–

Russu et al. [69]

31 (NA)

Prospective Randomized study

77

–

ST, GT

–

–

22.88 ± 15.44 (6 months)

–

–