Table 1 Baseline characteristics

Preoperative GFR (mL/min/1.73 m²)^§

91.9 ± 21.8

49.2 ± 8.6

–

 Stage 1 (GFR: ≥ 90)

490 (47.2%)

0 (0.0%)

–

 Stage 2 (GFR: 60–89 mL/min/1.73 m²)

548 (52.8%)

0 (0.0%)

 Stage 3a (GFR: 45–59 mL/min/1.73 m²)

0 (0.0%)

111 (72.6%)

 Stage 3b (GFR: 30–44 mL/min/1.73 m²)

0 (0.0%)

37 (24.2%)

 Stage 4 (GFR: 15–29 mL/min/1.73 m²)

0 (0.0%)

5 (3.3%)

 Stage 5 (GFR: < 15 mL/min/1.73 m²)

0 (0.0%)

0 (0.0%)

Age (years)

69.3 ± 10.1

77.1 ± 10.1

 < 0.001

Sex (female)^§

504 (48.7%)

98 (64.1%)

 < 0.001

BMI (kg/m²)

29.2 ± 5.3

29.1 ± 5.6

0.795

Hb at the consultation (g/dL)

13.9 ± 1.3

13.1 ± 1.2

 < 0.001

 Anaemic at the consultation^§

106 (10.1%)

29 (19.0%)

0.001

Hb the day before surgery (g/dl)

14.1 ± 1.3

13.1 ± 1.4

 < 0.001

Anaemic the day before surgery^§

124 (11.7%)

29 (21.5%)

 < 0.001

Antithrombotic drug regular use^§

330 (31.8%)

80 (52.3%)

 < 0.001

Preoperative EPO therapy^§

27 (2.6%)

20 (13.1%)

 < 0.001

TXA use^§

892 (85.9%)

120 (78.4%)

0.015

 Dose (mg/kg)

24.5 ± 5.7

24.3 ± 5.1

0.803

ASA^§

 < 0.001

 ASA 1

223 (22.6%)

3 (2.0%)

 ASA 2

678 (65.8%)

101 (66.9%)

 ASA 3

119 (11.6%)

47 (31.1%)

Surgical time (min)

59.7 ± 10.1

57.8 ± 12.1

0.042