Fig. 2
From: Artificial intelligence to diagnosis distal radius fracture using biplane plain X-rays
Data extension using affine transformation. a Original image. b–e Images that underwent arbitrary rotation, stretching, parallel translation, and shearing processing on the xy plane. The following equation was used for conversion. \(x=sx*x\mathrm{cos}\theta -sy*\mathrm{ycos}\left(\theta +\mathrm{shear}\right)+t1\), \(y=sx*x\mathrm{sin}\theta +sy*y\mathrm{cos}(\theta +shear)+t2\). s: Stretching (range \({e}^{-log1.3}-1.3\)), θ Rotation angle (range − 25° to 25°), t1, 2: Parallel translation (range − 50 pixels to 50 pixels), shear: Shearing (range − 20° to 20°)