The effect of self-reported knee instability on plantar pressure and postural sways in women with knee osteoarthritis

Table 2 Demographic characteristics of participants and the study parameters at baseline

Variables	Without self-reported KI (n = 31)	With self-reported KI (n = 26)	Significance (p value)
Age (years)	54.43 ± 6.45	53.70 ± 6.94	0.66
Female, n (%)	63 (100%)	0 (0%)	-
Height (cm)	158.67 ± 6.98	158.63 ± 5.55	0.98
Weight (kg)	78.99 ± 11.58	76.98 ± 9.19	0.45
Body mass index (kg/m²)	32.03 ± 3.76	30.62 ± 2.99	0.09
Self-reported knee stability scale (0–5)	2.18 ± 1.20	5.00 ± 0.00	0.0001*
Pain score (0–10)	8.40 ± 0.71	7.41 ± 0.51	0.0001*
Falling (n)	0	1.22 ± 1.08	0.0001*
TSK (17–68)	44.25 ± 3.71	44.35 ± 2.28	0.89
Knee flexion ROM (degree)
Right leg	83.06 ± 9.36	77.70 ± 9.98	0.036*
Left leg	86.36 ± 8.92	78.23 ± 11.58	0.003*

^*Values are mean ± standard deviations unless indicated otherwise. *p < 0.05
^†All patients had to have at least a grade 2 knee OA to be included in the study
KI: knee instability; TSK: Tampa scale of kinesiophobia; ROM: range of motion

ISSN: 1749-799X