Table 4 Estimated hazard ratios of selected covariates for overall mortality in nonagenarian hip surgery patients
From: Factors influencing early and long-term survival following hip fracture among nonagenarians
No. of complications | Severity of complications | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Hazard ratio | p value | Hazard ratio | p value | |
Sex | 1.4 (0.9–2.2) | 0.197 | 1.5 (0.9–2.4) | 0.095 |
Frailty | 1.5 (0.8–2.6) | 0.174 | 1.4 (0.8–2.5) | 0.241 |
Weight | 1.0 (1.0–1.0) | 0.791 | 1.0 (1.0–1.0) | 0.490 |
ASA classification | 1.3 (0.5–3.4) | 0.534 | 1.2 (0.5–3.0) | 0.731 |
Congestive heart failure | 1.8 (1.2–2.8) | 0.008* | 1.7 (1.1–2.7) | 0.027 |
Charlson comorbidity index | 1.0 (0.9–1.2) | 0.640 | 1.0 (0.9–1.2) | 0.524 |
Time to surgery | 1.0 (1.0–1.0) | 0.391 | 1.0 (1.0–1.0) | 0.154 |
Surgery performed out-of-hours | 1.5 (1.0–2.2) | 0.084 | 1.7 (1.1–2.6) | 0.017* |
Hypertensive response immediately before anaesthesia induction | 1.7 (0.9–3.3) | 0.093 | 1.1 (0.5–2.3) | 0.773 |
Combined regional anaesthesia | 1.1 (0.7–1.7) | 0.557 | 1.2 (0.8–1.9) | 0.378 |
Number of intraoperative hypotensive episodes | 0.9 (0.8–1.0) | 0.039 | 0.9 (0.8–1.0) | 0.116 |
Intraoperative opioid dose | 1.0 (1.0–1.0) | 0.119 | 1.0 (1.0–1.0) | 0.206 |
Postoperative opioid dose | ||||
Day of admission to 12 days | 1.0 (1.0–1.0) | 0.265 | 1.0 (1.0–1.0) | 0.006* |
After 12 days | 1.0 (1.0–1.0) | 0.005* | ||
No. of medical emergency team activations | 1.0 (0.8–1.3) | 0.802 | 0.9 (0.7–1.2) | 0.609 |
Number of complications | 1.3 (1.1–1.5) | 0.003* | – | – |
Clavien Dindo severity | ||||
Day of admission to 12 days | – | – | 3.0 (2.4–3.6) | < 0.001* |
12 days to 7 months | – | – | 1.2 (0.9–1.6) | 0.145 |
After 7 months | – | – | 1.0 (0.6–1.6) | 0.982 |