Table 1 Material properties used in the finite element models
Materials | Young’s modulus (MPa) | Poisson’s ratio (u) | References |
|---|---|---|---|
Titanium screw/rod/plate | 110,000 | 0.3 | [16] |
Cortical bone (pelvis) | 17,000 | 0.3 | [17] |
Cancellous bone (pelvis) | 100 | 0.2 | [17] |
Cortical bone (lumbar) | 12,000 | 0.3 | [17] |
Cancellous bone (lumbar) | 100 | 0.2 | [17] |
Posterior bony elements | 3500 | 0.25 | [16] |
Articular cartilage | 10 | 0.4 | [16] |
Bony endplate | 1000 | 0.4 | [16] |
Cartilage endplate | 25 | 0.25 | [16] |
Nucleus pulposus | 1 | 0.499 | [16] |
Matrix of annulus fibrosus | 4.2 | 0.45 | [16] |
Fibers of annulus fibrosus | 450 | 0.3 | [16] |
Interpubic disk | 5 | 0.45 | [16] |
Ligament | Stiffness (N/mm) | Number of elements | References |
|---|---|---|---|
Anterior sacroiliac ligament | 700 | 10 × 2 | [18] |
Posterior sacroiliac ligament (long) | 1000 | 4 × 2 | [18] |
Posterior sacroiliac ligament (short) | 400 | 10 × 2 | [18] |
Interosseous sacroiliac ligament | 2800 | 4 × 2 | [18] |
Sacrospinous ligament | 1400 | 5 × 2 | [18] |
Sacrotuberous ligament | 1500 | 5 × 2 | [18] |
Superior pubic ligament | 500 | 1 × 1 | [18] |
Accurate pubic ligament | 500 | 1 × 1 | [18] |
Iliolumbar ligament | 1000 | 4 × 2 | [18] |