Study | Article type | No. of patients (Male/Female) | Age (years) | Type of fracture according to AO/OTA | Intervention | Outcomes | Functional evaluating scale | Follow-up (months) | Rehabilitation |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Vicenti et al. (2020) [10] | Prospective study | S: 31 (12/19) C: 30 (13/17) | S: 69.62 ± 9.88 C: 70.77 ± 8.22 | 34-C1 | S: MIOT with stainless steel wire C: OS with tension band wiring | abcde | Lysholm | 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 | Postoperation day 1: Passive knee motion by using specific electric devices, progressive active mobilization, and static isometric quadriceps exercises + partial weight-bearing with crutches and brace (removed when satisfactory quadricep control was achieved) |
Shao et al. (2019) [28] | RCT | S: 21 (14/7) C: 17 (11/6) | S: 42.2 ± 12.4 C: 40.3 ± 10.5 | NM | S: MIS with cable pin system C: OS with cable pin system | abcde | Bostman | 1, 2, and 12 | Postoperation day 1: Passive exercise by using a continuous passive motion machine for three 1-h sessions, starting from 0o to 60o, increasing 15o per day until 90o was achieved ± active flexion exercises in prone position Postoperation day 3: Partial weight-bearing 3 weeks postoperation: Active extension Radiographically healed: Full weight-bearing |
Lin et al. (2015) [27] | RCT | S: 26 (15/11) C: 26 (13/13) | S: 50.8 ± 16.3 C: 52.5 ± 17.4 | 45-C1.1 45-C1.2 45-C1.3 | S: CRCF C: ORTF | abcefg | Lysholm | 3, 6, and 12 | Quadricep–femur contraction excises soon after the operation + passive ROM under tolerable wound pain 3 weeks postoperation: Active ROM 8 weeks postoperation: Full weight-bearing |
Mao et al. (2013) [26] | RCT | S: 20 (14/6) C: 20 (11/9) | S: 40.2 ± 10.0 C: 43.5 ± 11.4 | NM | S: MICP C: OSKW | abcdef | Bostman | 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 | Postoperation day 1: Passive exercise by using a continuous passive motion machine ± active flexion exercises in prone position Postoperation day 3: Partial weight-bearing 3 weeks postoperation: Active extension Radiographically healed: Full weight-bearing |
Retrospective review | S: 20 (9/11) C: 40 (15/25) | S: 56.6 ± 14.7 C: 60.2 ± 15.4 | 45-C1.1 45-C1.3 | S: POMC C: OMATB | bcdefg | Lysholm | 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 | Postoperation day 1: Partial weight-bearing ± passive ROM if pain can be tolerated 3 weeks postoperation: Active ROM 8 weeks postoperation: Full weight-bearing | |
Luna-Pizarro et al. (2006) [24] | RCT | S: 27 (17/10) C: 26 (13/13) | S: 51 ± 14.8 C: 44 ± 18.2 | 45-C1.1 45C1.3 | S: PPOS C: OS with modified tension band | abcdef | KSCRS | 1, 2, 12, and 24 | 12 h postoperation: Isometric and isotonic contractions of quadriceps for 30 min four times a day and continued after discharge |