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Table 1 General characteristics

From: Proprioceptive elbow training reduces pain and improves function in painful lateral epicondylitis—a prospective trial

 

Group A (Flexibar®)

Group B (Flexibar®+XCO®)

Chi-square test

Basic characteristics

 Gender

m = 15; f = 24

m = 17; f = 15

0.217

 Age [years]

47 ± 8

47 ± 8

0.173

 Weight [kg]

72 ± 15

76 ± 12

0.300

 Height [cm]

173 ± 8

175 ± 10

0.006

 BMI

24.2 ± 4.3

24.7 ± 3.5

0.352

Underlying diseases

 Nicotine abuse

15%

13%

0.728

 Diabetes

3%

0%

0.362

 Hypercholesterolemia

8%

9%

0.800

 Hypertension

8%

13%

0.499

 Heart disease

0%

3%

0.266

 Intake of acetylsalicylic acid

5%

6%

0.838

 Intake of cortisone (spray)

3%

13%

0.103

Diseases of the elbow

 Family disposition

neg. = 29; pos. = 10

neg. = 27; pos. = 5

0.341

 Pain of right elbow

74%

69%

0.539

 Pain of left elbow

5%

13%

0.539

 Bilateral pain of elbow

21%

19%

0.539

 Morning stiffness

33%

28%

0.585

 Swelling

15%

13%

0.695

 Pressure pain

90%

88%

0.522

 Duration of pain

> 27 weeks

> 27 weeks

0.485

 Pain in the morning [VAS]

2.7 ± 2.2

2.5 ± 1.8

0.465

 Daily maximum of pain [VAS]

5.2 ± 1.8

4.7 ± 2.2

0.076

 Intake of antibiotics (Ciprobay, Tavanic)

3%

0%

0.362

Previous therapies

 Massage

51%

41%

0.424

 Cross friction

38%

16%

0.060

 Heat application

18%

22%

0.102

 Cold application

44%

38%

0.371

 Shock wave

15%

13%

0.111

 Eccentric training

8%

0%

0.066

 Sclerotherapy

0%

3%

0.126

 Injection of corticosteroids

56%

63%

0.475

 Injection of Traumeel

10%

0%

0.025

 Surgical treatment

3%

6%

0.311

 Bandage

79%

72%

0.169

 Taping

10%

16%

0.176

 Kinesiology taping

10%

9%

0.050

Collateral tendon diseases

  

0.369

 Pain of the patella tendon

5%

9%

 

 Pain of the Achilles tendon

0%

6%

 

 Sulcus ulnaris syndrome

3%

3%