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Table 2 Univariate analyses of the risk factors associated with postoperative DVT following femoral shaft fracture

From: The incidence and risk factors of deep venous thrombosis in lower extremities following surgically treated femoral shaft fracture: a retrospective case-control study

Variables

No. (%) of DVT (n = 48)

No. (%) of non-DVT (n = 260)

P

Sex (male)

37 (77.1)

174 (66.9)

0.164

Living area

  

0.493

 Rural

37 (77.1)

88 (72.3)

 

 Urban

11 (22.9)

72 (27.7)

 

Age

48.94 ± 16.7

43.70 ± 19.0

0.075

 > 35 years

39 (81.3)

144 (55.4)

0.001#

BMI (kg/m2)

  

0.486

 < 18.5

1 (2.1)

10 (3.8)

 

 18.5–23.9

14 (29.2)

98 (37.7)

 

 24.0–27.9

23 (47.9)

115 (44.2)

 

 ≥ 28.0

10 (20.8)

37 (14.2)

 

Diabetes mellitus

8 (16.7)

21 (8.1)

0.061

Hypertension

9 (18.8)

60 (23.1)

0.509

Arrhythmia

1 (2.1)

6 (2.3)

0.924

Chronic pulmonary disease

1 (2.1)

1 (0.4)

0.178

Liver disease

2 (4.2)

6 (2.3)

0.457

Current smoking

10 (20.8)

31 (11.9)

0.095

Alcohol consumption

7 (14.6)

28 (10.8)

0.444

Preoperative stay, days

6.38 ± 5.2

6.88 ± 6.3

0.597

Total hospital stay, days

26.19 ± 15.0

21.54 ± 26.8

0.254

ASA classification

  

0.115

 I

3 (6.3)

34 (13.1)

 

 II

27 (56.3)

168 (64.6)

 

 III

16 (33.3)

50 (19.2)

 

 IV

2 (4.2)

8 (3.1)

 

Anesthesia (general)

34 (70.8)

155 (59.6)

0.143

Type of osteosynthesis

  

0.245

 Intramedullary nailing

32 (66.7)

150 (57.7)

 

 ORIF with plate and screws

16 (33.3)

110 (42.3)

 

Intra-op blood loss, ml

700.00 ± 471.4

495.54 ± 350.1

0.006

 > 550 ml

27 (56.3)

87 (33.5)

0.003#

Volume of intra-op transfusion

424.96 ± 634.4

360.8 ± 501.0

0.197

Surgical duration, min

194.79 ± 76.1

181.87 ± 81.1

0.307

TP (< 60 g/l)

29 (60.4)

153 (58.8)

0.839

ALB (< 35 g/l)

32 (66.7)

145 (55.8)

0.161

ALT (> upper limit)

15 (31.3)

74 (28.5)

0.695

AST (> upper limit)

10 (20.8)

91 (35.0)

0.055

HDL-C (< 1.1 mmol/l)

72 (56.3)

147 (56.5)

0.970

LDL-C (> 3.37 mmol/l)

4 (8.3)

24 (9.2)

0.842

VLDL (> 0.78 mmol/l)

10 (20.8)

30 (11.5)

0.078

Na+ (< 135 mmol/l)

13 (27.1)

72 (27.7)

0.931

WBC (> 10 × 109/l)

16 (33.3)

106 (40.8)

0.333

NEU (> 6.3 × 109/l)

29 (60.4)

165 (63.5)

0.688

LYM (< 1.1 × 109/l)

21 (43.8)

113 (43.5)

0.970

RBC < lower limit

42 (87.5)

207 (79.6)

0.202

HGB < lower limit

42 (87.5)

201 (77.3)

0.112

PLT (> 350 × 109/l)

10 (20.8)

51 (19.6)

0.846

d-dimer

2.10 ± 2.1

1.02 ± 1.3

0.001

 > 1.09 μg/ml

28 (58.3)

66 (25.4)

< 0.001#

  1. Note: ALT, reference range: female, 7–40 U/l; male, 9–50 U/l. AST, reference range: female, 13–35 U/l; male, 15–40 U/l. RBC, reference range: female, 3.5–5.0 × 1012/l; males, 4.0–5.5 × 1012/l. HGB, reference range: females, 110–150 g/l; males, 120–160 g/l
  2. #ROC analysis results