Radiological and clinical outcomes of balloon kyphoplasty for osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture in patients with rheumatoid arthritis

Table 4 Clinical features, outcomes, and complications of KP between groups of normal and elevated ESR

Variable		Normal ESR	Elevated ESR	P value
Patients/vertebrae		31/50	67/108
Age (year)		70.5	71.7	0.356
Gender (male to female)		2:29	6:61	0.999
Time to surgery		18.45	22.1	0.284
BMD (g/cm²)		0.51	0.56	0.874
ESR (mm/h)		9.6	48.0	< 0.01
CRP (mg/dL)		5.45	13.22	0.043
Glucocorticoid users		21	44	0.840
Cement leakage (vertebra)		14	29	0.142
Refracture		1	2	0.999
Adjacent vertebral fracture		5	13	0.794
Radiological outcomes
Compression rate (%)	Preop	56.88%	61.09%	0.058
Compression rate (%)	1 year FU	67.01%	73.31%	0.061
Local kyphotic angel (°)	Preop	7.58	8.11	0.080
	1 year FU	3.81	4.34	0.097
Clinical outcomes
VAS	Preop	8.01	8.17	0.645
VAS	1 year FU	2.18	2.40	0.416
ODI	Preop	80.06	81.61	0.561
ODI	1 year FU	27.11	27.40	0.592

Values are given as mean ± SD. ESR indicates erythrocyte sedimentation rate, CRP indicates c-reactive protein, BMD indicates bone mineral density, and Refracture indicates the operated vertebral body refractured again after KP. Preop indicates preoperation, FU indicates follow-up, VAS indicates visual analog scale, and ODI indicates Oswestry disability index

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