Table 4 Characteristics of culture-positive and culture-negative patients
From: Clinical characteristics and risk factors for culture-negative periprosthetic joint infections
Characteristics | Culture-positive | Culture-negative | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
Cases (%) (samples) | 82 (75%) (204) | 27 (25%) (95) | |
Median age (range) | 70 years (18–87) | 72 years (18–86) | 0.17 |
Gender | 27 male/55 female | 13 male/14 female | 0.15 |
Comorbidity | |||
Hypertension | 32 (39%) | 11 (41%) | 0.88 |
Diabetes mellitus | 11 (13%) | 6 (22%) | 0.27 |
Renal insufficiency | 7 (8.5%) | 4 (15%) | 0.35 |
Liver cirrhosis | 8 (9.8%) | 3 (11%) | 0.84 |
Cardiovascular disease | 12 (15%) | 3 (11%) | 0.64 |
COPD | 3 (3.7%) | 1 (3.7%) | 0.99 |
Rheumatoid arthritis | 5 (6.1%) | 4 (15%) | 0.15 |
Mean follow-up (months) | 55 (18–98) | 41 (18–92) | 0.011* |
Mean ASA physical status | 2.06 | 2 | 0.23 |
Type of infection | 0.15 | ||
Early postoperative | 7 (8.5%) | 6 (22%) | |
Acute hematogenous | 15 (18%) | 5 (19%) | |
Chronic | 60 (73%) | 16 (59%) | |
Type of implant | 0.51 | ||
THA | 49 (60%) | 12 (44%) | |
Hip hemi-arthroplasty | 6 (7.3%) | 5 (19%) | |
Hip megaprosthesis | 5 (6.1%) | 2 (7.4%) | |
TKA | 11 (13%) | 6 (22%) | |
Knee megaprosthesis | 6 (7.3%) | 1 (3.7%) | |
Shoulder hemi-arthroplasty | 4 (4.9%) | 1 (3.7%) | |
TEA | 1 (1.2%) | 0 (0%) | |
Type of samples | 0.072 | ||
Tissue | 142 (70%) | 62 (65%) | |
Fluid sample | 60 (29%) | 28 (29%) | |
Drain | 2 (1.0%) | 5 (5.3%) | |
Prior antimicrobial administration | 0.62 | ||
Yes | 50 (61%) | 15 (56%) | |
No | 32 (39%) | 12 (44%) | |
Treatment | 0.044* | ||
One-stage | 6 (7.3%) | 4 (15%) | |
Two-stage | 54 (66%) | 12 (44%) | |
DAIR | 14 (17%) | 7 (26%) | |
Resection arthroplasty | 8 (10%) | 2 (7.4%) | |
Observation | 0 (0%) | 2 (7.4%) | |
Treatment success | 0.088 | ||
Yes | 72 (88%) | 20 (74%) | |
No | 10 (12%) | 7 (26%) | |