| Codeine | Celecoxib | Etoricoxib | p value | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
N = 476 | N = 130 | N = 113 | |||
ODI-1 (pain score) 1 year after surgery | 0 No pain | 8.00% (38/478) | 24.60% (32/130) | 23.90% (27/113) | < 0.001* |
1 Mild pain | 77.90% (371/478) | 63.80% (83/130) | 64.60% (73/113) | ||
2 Moderate pain | 13.90% (66/478) | 11.50% (15/130) | 11.50% (13/113) | ||
3 Severe pain | 0.20% (1/478) | 0.00% (0/130) | 0.00% (0/113) | ||
Chronic pain was present after surgery | 92.00% (438/478) | 75.40% (98/130) # | 76.10% (86/113) # | < 0.001* |