Fig. 1
From: A modified anterior drawer test for anterior cruciate ligament ruptures
Diagram of MADT. The MADT was performed with the patients sitting on the examination table with both feet hanging down freely and knees/hips flexed 90° to relax the muscles of the knees. The examiner held the proximal tibia and do a push-and-pull maneuver with 2 to 3 rhythmic cycles in 1 s. This speed and freedom of rotating the foot enable the moment by weight of calf and foot acting on ACL as the lever fulcrum of the knee. ① the push maneuver, ② the pull maneuver