GRADE analysis | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Risk factor | Studies with statistically positive correlation (refs) | Studies with no correlation (refs) | Studies not reporting | Study limitations | Inconsistency | Indirect-ness | Impreci-sion | Publica-tion bias | Mod/Large effect size | Dose effect | Overall quality |
Age | 13 | 2 | 3 | v | v | v | v | v | x | v | (+++) |
Obesity | 6 | 4 | 7 | v | x | x | x | v | x | x | (+) |
DM | 5 | 3 | 11 | v | x | x | x | ? | x | x | (+) |
Cardiac disease | 5 | 2 | 11 | v | v | x | x | x | x | x | (+) |
Hypertension | 2 | 4 | 12 | v | x | x | x | x | x | x | (+) |
Previous CVA | 1 | 2 | 16 | v | x | x | x | x | x | x | (+) |
ASA: 3 - 4 | 8 | 1 | 9 | v | v | v | v | ? | x | v | (+++) |
Operative time > 135 min | 3 | 2 | 14 | v | x | x | x | x | x | v | (+) |
LOS > 4 d | 5 | 0 | 14 | v | v | x | v | x | x | x | (++) |
Female gender | 4 | 2 | 2 | x | x | v | v | v | x | x | (++) |
Male gender | 10 | 2 | 1 | v | x | v | v | v | x | x | (++) |
Anesthesia (general vs spinal, epidural, regional) | 2 | 0 | 17 | v | ? | x | v | x | x | x | (+) |
Black race | 5 | 3 | 11 | v | ? | x | v | x | x | x | (+) |
In-hospital complications | 3 | 0 | 15 | v | v | x | v | x | v | x | (++) |
Discharge disposition (any facility vs home) | 5 | 1 | 13 | v | v | x | v | x | x | x | (++) |
Pulmonary disease | 8 | 1 | 9 | v | v | v | v | ? | x | x | (++) |
Fluid electrolyte disorder | 2 | 2 | 15 | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | (+) |
Renal failure | 4 | 1 | 14 | v | ? | x | v | x | x | x | (+) |
Simultaneous bilateral TKAs | 2 | 3 | 14 | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | (+) |
Revision TKA | 4 | 0 | 14 | x | v | x | v | x | x | x | (+) |