Table 3 Summary of the effects on simulated LLI
From: Inertial measurement units for the detection of the effects of simulated leg length inequalities
Ankle | Knee | Hip | Pelvis | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Long limb—stance phase | ↑Dorsiflexion ↓Plantarflexion ↓Adduction | ↑Flexion ↓Extension (increased minimal flexion) | ↑Flexion ↓Extension ↑Adduction | ↑Pelvic obliquity (lower on swing leg) | ↑Lumbar lateral flexion (to longer side) |
Long limb—swing phase | ↓Plantarflexion ↑Abduction ↓Adduction | ↑Flexion ↓Extension (increased minimal flexion) | ↑Flexion ↓Extension ↓Abduction ↑Adduction | ↓Pelvic obliquity (lower on swing leg) | ↓Lumbar lateral flexion (to short side) |
Short limb—stance phase | ↓Dorsiflexion ↑Plantarflexion | ↓Flexion ↑Extension (increased minimal flexion) | ↑Extension ↑Abduction ↓Adduction | ↓Pelvic obliquity (lower on swing leg) | ↓Lumbar lateral flexion (to short side) |
Short limb—swing phase | ↑Plantarflexion | ↑Extension (increased minimal flexion) | ↑Extension ↑Abduction ↓Adduction | ↑Pelvic obliquity (lower on swing leg) | ↑Lumbar lateral flexion (to long side) |