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Table 1 The Garden classification of FNF

From: Hemiarthroplasty compared to total hip arthroplasty for the treatment of femoral neck fractures: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Garden classification of FNF

Clinical features of the fracture

Fracture healing

Type I

The fracture line does not run through the entire femoral neck, part of the bone is connected, and the broken end of the fracture is not displaced.

There is still a certain blood supply near the broken end, and the fracture is easy to heal.

Type II

Complete fracture with fracture line running through the neck of femur without displacement of the broken end.

Even if the fracture line is in good alignment under the femoral head, the possibility of fracture healing is higher, but the probability of long-term femoral head necrosis is increased.

However, the fracture of the middle or basal part of the femoral neck is easy to heal, the femoral head blood supply is good, and the avascular necrosis of the femoral head is low.

Type III

Partial displacement of fracture, mostly distal upward displacement, or distal lower Angle embedded into the proximal folded end of the section.

It is an unstable fracture, postoperative fracture healing rate is not high.

Type IV

Fracture completely shift, femoral neck appear obvious outward turning up, the hip joint capsule and synovial suffered severe damage, femoral head poor blood supply

Fracture is not easy to heal, easy femoral head necrosis.