Table 7 Relevant RCTs regarding single-shot LIA in total hip arthroplasty
Authors | Study design | No. of patients | LIA drugs | Conclusion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Busch et al. [10] | RCT | LIA: 32, control: 32 | LIA (100 ml): 0.4% ropivacaine + 0.03% ketorolac + 0.6:100000 epinephrine + 0.005% morphine Control: not given LIA | LIA reduces early stage postoperative pain and opioid consumption after THA. |
Liu et al. [6] | RCT | LIA: 40, control: 40 | LIA (60 ml): 0.008% morphine + 0.05% ropivacaine + 1.7% betamethasone + 0.8:100000 epinephrine Control (60 ml): normal saline | LIA reduces postoperative pain and opioid consumption and improves postoperative rehabilitation after THA. |
Murphy et al. [14] | RCT | LIA: 45, control: 46 | LIA (60 ml): 0.25% levobupivacaine Control (60 ml): normal saline | LIA reduces opioid consumption after THA. |
Villatte et al. [12] | RCT | LIA: 75, control: 75 | LIA (100 ml):0.235% ropivacaine + 0.5:100000 epinephrine Control: not given LIA | LIA reduces postoperative pain and opioid consumption after THA. |
Titman et al. [20] | RCT | LIA: 19, control: 16 | LIA (150 ml): 0.2% ropivacaine Control (150 ml): normal saline | LIA reduces early-stage postoperative pain after THA. |
Lunn et al. [13] | RCT | LIA: 60, control: 60 | LIA (150 ml): 0.2% ropivacaine + 1:100000 epinephrine Control (150 ml): normal saline | LIA does not reduce postoperative pain or opioid consumption after THA. |
Dobie et al. [11] | RCT | LIA:50, control:46 | LIA (200 ml): 0.125% Levobupivacaine + 0.5:100000 epinephrine Control: not given LIA | LIA does not reduce postoperative pain and does not improve postoperative rehabilitation after THA. |
Zoric et al. [9] | RCT | LIA: 27, control: 24 | LIA (80 ml): 0.2% ropivacaine Control (80 ml): normal saline | LIA does not reduce opioid consumption and does not improve postoperative rehabilitation after THA. |
Hofstad et al. [8] | RCT | LIA: 55, control: 54 | LIA (150 ml): 0.2% ropivacaine + 0.3:100000 epinephrine Control (150 ml): normal saline | LIA does not reduce postoperative pain or opioid consumption after THA. |
Current study (2019) | RCT | Group A: 40, group B: 40, group C: 39 | Groups A and B (80 ml): 0.25% ropivacaine Group C: not given LIA | LIA reduces early-stage postoperative pain, and LIA in the deep and superficial fascia had a similar analgesic effect to LIA in all layers in THA. LIA seems to help reduce opioid consumption but does not improve postoperative rehabilitation after THA. |