Table 1 Clinical characteristics of studies included in the meta-analysis
Author, year | Country | Type of study | Number of patients | Number of periprosthetic fractures | Follow-up period (in months) | Risk factors | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Sarvilinna et al. [19] | Finland | Prospective cohort study | 31599 | 1555 | 144 | Gender, prosthesis type, and age without significance as risk factors, Risk of PF was about the same in patients operated with or without the cemented prosthesis |
2 | Sarvilinna et al. [20] | Finland | Cases control study | 31 | 31 | N/A* | Fracture as the primary diagnosis, Protective factors: cemented prosthesis, Thompson prosthesis, and Biomet prosthesis, and they were associated with increased incidence of loosening of femoral component and reduced incidence of infection and dislocation |
3 | Sarvilinna et al. [21] | Finland | Cases control study | 48 | 16 | N/A* | Young age at the time of the hip fracture and polished wedge type of prosthesis, Protective factors: Thompson prosthesis and Biomet prosthesis |
4 | Berend et al. [22] | USA | Prospective cohort study | 2551 | 59 | 81 | Anterolateral approach, uncemented femoral fixation, and female sex, Protective factors: cemented prostheses but they were associated with reduced femoral component survivorship |
5 | Cook et al. [23] | U.K. | Case–control study | 6334 | 124 | 204 | Patients older than 70 years, cemented arthroplasties |
6 | Meek et al. [24] | U.K. | Prospective cohort study | 51628 | 508 | 60 | Female gender, age > 70 and revision arthroplasty |
7 | Zhang et al. [25] | China | Retrospective cohort study | 424 | 26 | N/A* | Cemented and revision arthroplasties, osteoporosis, and previous fracture |
8 | Savin et al. [26] | Romania | Retrospective cohort study | 3574 | 47 | N/A* | Cementless and revision arthroplasties, Protective factors: cemented prosthesis |
9 | Singh et al. [27] | USA | Prospective cohort study | 5951 | 330 | 67 | Female gender, high Deyo-Charlson comorbidity index, and revision arthroplasties |
10 | Singh et al. [28] | USA | Prospective cohort study | 13760 | 305 | 75 | Female gender, high Deyo-Charlson comorbidity index, ASA score ≥ 2, and cemented arthroplasties |
11 | Katz et al. [29] | USA | Prospective cohort study | 31443 | 215 | 156 | Older age and female gender |
12 | Thien et al. [30] | Sweden | Prospective cohort study | 436861 | 768 | 24 | Shape and surface finish of the femoral stem and cemented arthroplasties, Protective factors: cemented prostheses but they were associated with higher risk of FPFs in male compared with female patients |
13 | Ricioli Jr et al. [31] | Brazil | Retrospective cohort study | 1771 | 101 | 180 | Female gender aged ≥ 65 years, presence of a previous hip surgery, and revision arthroplasties |
14 | Gromov et al. [32] | Denmark | Retrospective cohort study | 1550 | 48 | 24 | Bone morphology (femoral Dorr type C), female gender, and cementless prosthesis |
15 | Lindberg-Larsen et al. [33] | Denmark | Prospective cohort study | 7019 | 150 | 03 | Uncemented femoral stem, medically treated osteoporosis, female sex, and older age, Protective factors: cemented prosthesis |
16 | Tamaki et al. [34] | Japan | Retrospective cohort study | 833 | 17 | 03 | Short stem length and cementless prosthesis |