Table 1 Characteristics of the included studies
Study (author + year) | Sample size | Type of surgery | Type of anesthesia | Basic information | Cocktail | Corticosteroids | Postoperative analgesia | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age | Male/female | BMI | Corticosteroids/control group | |||||||
Kwon 2014 [24] | 152 | TKA | SA | 69.3/69.3 | 0/76 0/76 | 25.9/25.9 | 76/76 | Morphine 10 mg, ropivacaine 300 mg, ketorolac 30 mg, 1:1000 epinephrine, 300 μg | Triamcinolone 40 mg | NM |
Yue 2013 [26] | 72 | TKA | GA | 70.2 ± 6.4/69.3 ± 5.7 | 32/4 32/4 | 25.23 ± 4.81/26.14 ± 3.27 | 36/36 | 0.75% ropivacaine 30 mL, 1:1000 adrenaline 0.5 mL | Betamethasone 7 mg | PCA (morphine) |
Ikeuchi 2014 [12] | 40 | TKA | GA | 77 ± 6/76 ± 3 | 2/18 4/16 | NM | 20/20 | 0.75% ropivacaine 20 mL, isepamicin 400 mg | Dexamethasone 6.6 mg | PCA (fentanyl) |
Chia 2013 [14] | 85 | TKA | SA | 66.8 ± 7.5/65.1 ± 8.4 | NM | 32.09 ± 5.4/31.49 ± 4.7 | 42/43 | 0.2% ropivacaine 100 mL, 1:1000 adrenaline | Triamcinolone 80 mg | PCA (morphine, no specific data) |
Sean 2011 [25] | 100 | TKA | GA21 + SA29/GA20 + SA30 | 67.9/65.4 | NM | 26.7/27.3 | 50/50 | 1:200,000 epinephrine and 0.5% bupivacaine 0.5 mL/kg | Triamcinolone 40 mg | PCA (morphine) |
Christensen 2009 [22] | 76 | TKA | GA | 65.8 ± 1.1/65.2 ± 11 | 16/23 7/30 | 32.9 ± 6.5/35.1 ± 8 | 39/37 | Bupivacaine 80 mg, morphine 4 mg, epinephrine 300 mg, clonidine 100 mg, cefuroxime 750 mg | Methylprednisolone 40 mg | PCA (morphine) |
Kim 2015 [23] | 86 | TKA | SA | 71.4 ± 4.7/70.6 ± 5.5 | 2/41 4/39 | 25.8 ± 3.3/27.1 ± 4.0 | 43/43 | Ropivacaine 180 mg, morphine sulfate 5 mg, ketorolac 30 mg, cefazolin 1 g, 1:1000 epinephrine 0.6 mL | Methylprednisolone 40 mg | PCA (no specific data) |
Iseki 2019 [20] | 41 | TKA | SA | 72 ± 7/76 ± 8 | 2/19 5/15 | 26.4 ± 4.1/26.3 ± 3.7 | 21/20 | Ropivacaine (7.5 mg/mL) 40 mL, morphine hydrochloride hydrate (10 mg/mL) 0.8 mL, epinephrine (1.0 mg/mL) 0.3 mL, fketoprofen 50 mg | Methylprednisolone 40 mg | Diclofenac sodium suppository |
Tsukada 2016 [11] | 75 | TKA | SA | 75/72 | 3/35 5/32 | 26.7/27.3 | 38/37 | Ropivacaine (7.5 mg/mL) 40 mL, morphine hydrochloride hydrate (10 mg/mL) 0.8 mL, epinephrine (1.0 mg/mL) 0.3 mL, ketoprofen 50 mg | Methylprednisolone 40 mg | Diclofenac sodium suppository (no specific data) |
Wang 2020 [19] | 102 | TKA | GA | 65.1 ± 8.6/63.9 ± 6.4 | 17/35 15/35 | 26 ± 2.7/26.1 ± 3.5 | 52/50 | 0.2% ropivacaine, epinephrine (2.0 μg/mL), 100 mL | Dexamethasone 10 mg | PCA (morphine) |