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Table 6 Results of meta-analysis and subgroup analyses

From: Intra-articular vs. intravenous administration: a meta-analysis of tranexamic acid in primary total knee arthroplasty

Variables

Studies (n)

Patients (n)

P value

Incidence: OR/MDs (95% CI)

Heterogeneity: P value (I2)

Model

Total blood loss (TBL)

18

1656

< 0.001*

63.99 (27.81 to 100.16)

< 0.001* (81%)

Random

 

13

1197

< 0.001*

33.38 (19.24 to 47.51)

0.34 (11%)

Fixed

Drain output

17

1494

0.03*

28.44 (2.61 to 54.27)

< 0.001* (93%)

Random

 Clamp < 2 h

7

607

0.03*

51.47 (6.02 to 96.92)

< 0.001* (92%)

Random

 Clamp ≥ 2 h

10

887

0.51

12.40 (− 24.85 to 49.65)

< 0.001* (89%)

Random

Hidden blood loss (HBL)

6

640

0.83

7.57 (− 60.34 to 75.47)

0.006 (69%)

Random

Hemoglobin (Hb) fall

19

1749

0.79

− 0.02 (− 0.20 to 0.16)

< 0.001* (87%)

Random

 POD1

10

1052

0.07

− 0.34 (− 0.70 to 0.02)

< 0.001* (91%)

Random

 

8

839

0.86

− 0.01 (− 0.11 to 0.13)

0.14 (36%)

Fixed

 POD2

8

701

0.37

0.17 (− 0.20 to 0.53)

<0.001* (82%)

Random

 

6

531

0.36

− 0.08 (− 0.25 to 0.09)

0.11 (44%)

Fixed

 POD3+

6

637

0.001*

0.24 (0.09 to 0.39)

0.18 (34%)

Fixed

Transfusion rate

25

2950

0.62

0.93 (0.69 to 1.24)

0.54 (0%)

Fixed

Complications

20

2594

0.98

1.00 (0.72 to 1.39)

0.47 (0%)

Fixed

 DVT

10

1641

0.83

0.92 (0.44 to 1.92)

0.84 (0%)

Fixed

 PE

3

342

0.98

1.02 (0.25 to 4.20)

0.81 (0%)

Fixed

 Wound complications

14

1465

0.83

0.95 (0.58 to 1.55)

0.39 (6%)

Fixed

 Other adverse events

13

1899

0.69

1.10 (0.68 to 1.80)

0.42 (2%)

Fixed

Length of stay

7

748

0.33

0.07 (− 0.07 to 0.22)

0.35 (11%)

Fixed

Tourniquet time

9

816

0.19

− 1.22 (− 3.06 to 0.62)

0.74 (0%)

Fixed

  1. POD postoperative day, DVT deep vein thrombosis
  2. *≤ 0.05