Table 2 Patient demographic data

Age (years)

72.4 ± 7.4

Height (cm)

149.0 ± 6.0

Weight (kg)

57.9 ± 10.4

BMI (kg/m²)

26.1 ± 4.1

K/L grade (1, 2, 3, 4), N

0, 0, 6, 29

2, 4, 15, 14

P = 0.127

JOA score

Total

54.6 ± 10.6*

73.4 ± 16.3

P < 0.001

Pain on walking

16.3 ± 5.9*

21.6 ± 7.3

P < 0.001

Pain on ascending or descending stairs

6.0 ± 4.8*

14.4 ± 7.9

P < 0.001

ROM

25.7 ± 3.4*

27.9 ± 0.7

P = 0.001

Joint effusion

6.6 ± 3.8*

9.6 ± 1.4

P < 0.001