Table 2 Patient characteristics between systemic complication (+) and (−)
| Complication (−) (N = 1948) | Complication (+) (N = 498) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 0.012* | ||
| 65 to 74 |
627 (32.2%) |
126 (25.3%) | |
| 75 to 84 |
1094 (56.2%) |
306 (61.4%) | |
| Over 85 |
227 (11.6%) |
66 (13.3%) | |
| Sex | 0.06 | ||
| Male |
469 (24.1%) |
140 (28.1%) | |
| Female |
1479 (75.9%) |
358 (71.9%) | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 0.16 | ||
| Less than 18.5 |
272 (14.0%) |
76 (15.2%) | |
| 18.5 to 22.9 |
871 (44.7%) |
207 (41.6%) | |
| 23.0 to 24.9 |
349 (17.9%) |
78 (15.7%) | |
| 25.0 to 29.9 |
322 (16.5%) |
88 (17.7%) | |
| Over 30.0 |
51 (2.6%) |
16 (3.2%) | |
| Unknown |
83 (4.3%) |
33 (6.6%) | |
| Smoking index | 0.82 | ||
| 0 |
1899 (78.2%) |
13 (72.2%) | |
| 1 to 999 |
227 (9.4%) |
2 (11.1%) | |
| Over 1000 |
302 (12.4%) |
3 (16.7%) | |
| Admission type | 0.016* | ||
| Scheduled |
1122 (57.6%) |
257 (51.6%) | |
| Unscheduled |
826 (42.4%) |
241 (48.4%) | |
| Emergency transport | 0.31 | ||
| Yes |
311 (16.0%) |
89 (17.9%) | |
| No |
1637 (84.0%) |
409 (82.1%) | |
| Hospital type | 0.46 | ||
| Academic |
101 (5.2%) |
30 (6.0%) | |
| Non-academic |
1847 (94.8%) |
468 (94.0%) | |
| ADL score for admission (points) | < 0.001*** | ||
| 0 to 10 |
780 (40.0%) |
238 (47.8%) | |
| 11 to 20 |
841 (43.2%) |
165 (33.1%) | |
| Unknown |
327 (16.8%) |
95 (19.1%) | |
| Surgical procedure | < 0.001*** | ||
| Anterior fusion |
319 (16.4%) |
116 (23.3%) | |
| Posterior fusion |
1629 (83.6%) |
382 (76.7%) | |
| Preoperative comorbidities | |||
| Diabetes mellitus |
270 (13.9%) |
84 (16.9%) | 0.09 |
| Cardiovascular disease |
100 (5.1%) |
36 (7.2%) | 0.07 |
| Cardiac failure |
60 (3.1%) |
16 (3.2%) | 0.88 |
| Atrial fibrillation |
41 (2.1%) |
22 (4.4%) | 0.004** |
| Hypertension |
541 (27.8%) |
150 (30.1%) | 0.30 |
| Cerebrovascular disease |
27 (1.4%) |
7 (1.4%) | 0.97 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease |
8 (0.4%) |
3 (0.6%) | 0.57 |
| Pneumonia |
6 (0.3%) |
1 (0.2%) | 0.69 |
| Renal failure |
32 (1.6%) |
17 (3.4%) | 0.012* |
| Hepatic failure |
44 (2.3%) |
17 (3.4%) | 0.14 |
| Gastric ulcer and hemorrhage |
75 (3.9%) |
15 (3.0%) | 0.38 |
| Malignancy |
72 (3.7%) |
18 (3.6%) | 0.93 |
| Rheumatoid arthritis |
74 (3.8%) |
28 (5.6%) | 0.07 |
| Dementia |
39 (2.0%) |
10 (2.0%) | 0.99 |
| Depression |
66 (3.4%) |
16 (3.2%) | 0.85 |
| Schizophrenia |
33 (1.7%) |
13 (2.6%) | 0.18 |
