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Table 1 Description of 10748 participants included in the present study

From: Association between plasma total homocysteine level within normal range and bone mineral density in adults

Plasma total homocysteine quartiles (μmol/L)

Q1

(5-6.86)

Q2

(6.87-8.22)

Q3

(8.23-9.95)

Q4

(9.96-15)

P value

Age (years)

44.31 ± 10.71

47.24 ± 11.86

50.15 ± 12.76

55.27 ± 14.31

<0.001

Gender (%)

    

<0.001

Male

31.07

48.73

61.36

65.57

 

Female

68.93

51.27

38.64

34.43

 

Race (%)

    

<0.001

Non-Hispanic White

66.75

73.54

75.27

76.86

 

Non-Hispanic Black

10.76

10.33

10.58

10.82

 

Mexican American

9.35

6.82

5.02

3.95

 

Other race

13.13

9.31

9.13

8.37

 

Body mass index (kg/m2)

28.31 ± 6.70

28.86 ± 6.49

28.60 ± 5.90

28.81 ± 6.03

0.004

Education level (%)

    

<0.001

Less than high school

18.49

17.68

18.73

22.24

 

High school

22.56

25.37

26.40

28.40

 

More than high school

58.95

56.96

54.88

49.36

 

Income-poverty ratio

3.19 ± 1.56

3.27 ± 1.52

3.26 ± 1.54

3.04 ± 1.53

<0.001

Physical activity (%)

    

<0.001

Not walk very much

14.66

15.03

15.84

19.79

 

Walk a lot

27.89

27.38

26.34

27.87

 

Climb often

21.30

20.47

17.30

15.48

 

Heavy activity

30.60

31.00

32.64

28.28

 

Not recorded

5.54

6.13

7.88

8.58

 

Smoking behavior (%)

    

<0.001

None

57.23

51.12

46.64

41.37

 

Past

22.45

26.51

28.00

29.13

 

Current

20.32

22.36

25.35

29.50

 

Alcohol consumption (%)

    

<0.001

Non-drinker

33.22

32.40

29.99

36.10

 

Moderate alcohol use

41.36

35.15

33.15

30.16

 

High alcohol use

25.42

32.45

36.86

33.74

 

Blood urea nitrogen (mg/dL)

12.39 ± 3.81

12.99 ± 3.92

13.69 ± 4.32

14.57 ± 5.65

<0.001

Total protein (mg/dL)

7.25 ± 0.46

7.26 ± 0.46

7.29 ± 0.46

7.31 ± 0.50

<0.001

Total cholesterol (mg/dL)

201.1 ± 37.3

205.8 ± 40.2

210.1 ± 42.1

210.4 ± 45.9

<0.001

Serum uric acid (mg/dL)

4.81 ± 1.20

5.30 ± 1.30

5.59 ± 1.32

6.01 ± 1.39

<0.001

Serum folate (ng/mL)

15.75 ± 10.20

14.82 ± 15.76

14.07 ± 11.01

13.04 ± 9.07

<0.001

Serum vitamin B12( pg/mL)

611.6 ± 1758.3

534.8 ± 314.4

490.0 ± 240.1

450.8 ± 299.7

<0.001

Serum phosphorus (mg/dL)

3.63 ± 0.53

3.67 ± 0.56

3.68 ± 0.56

3.68 ± 0.57

0.002

Serum calcium (mg/dL)

9.39 ± 0.35

9.46 ± 0.36

9.52 ± 0.35

9.57 ± 0.38

<0.001

Lumbar bone mineral density (g/cm2)

1.05 ± 0.15

1.04 ± 0.15

1.04 ± 0.16

1.04 ± 0.17

0.054

  1. Mean ± SD for continuous variables: P value was calculated by the weighted linear regression model.
  2. % for categorical variables: P value was calculated by the weighted chi-square test
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Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research

ISSN: 1749-799X