Fig. 1

The association between plasma total homocysteine and lumbar bone mineral density in adults aged 30–49 years, stratified by gender. Age, race, body mass index, education level, income-poverty ratio, physical activity, smoking behavior, alcohol consumption, blood urea nitrogen, total protein, total cholesterol, serum uric acid, serum folate, serum vitamin B12, serum phosphorus, and serum calcium were adjusted