|
Group
|
IV TXA
|
TopicalTXA
|
IV-combined topical TXA
|
OralTXA
|
Placebo + tourniquets
|
IV TXA + tourniquets
|
Topical TXA + tourniquets
|
IV-combined topical \TXA + tourniquets
|
P value
|
|---|
|
Number
|
30
|
30
|
30
|
30
|
30
|
30
|
30
|
30
| |
|
Age(y)
|
67.77 ± 5.39
|
67.37 ± 5.49
|
66.73 ± 6.15
|
66.3 ± 4.89
|
65.23 ± 6.28
|
65.73 ± 5.99
|
67.13 ± 5.56
|
65.43 ± 4.78
|
0.532
|
|
Gender(female/male)
|
16/14
|
20/10
|
21/9
|
15/15
|
18/12
|
16/14
|
22/8
|
21/9
|
0.394
|
|
BMI(kg/m2)
|
30.05 ± 3.02
|
30.43 ± 4.28
|
30.72 ± 2.93
|
30.54 ± 3.09
|
29.49 ± 3.87
|
29.62 ± 3.37
|
31.41 ± 3.62
|
31.33 ± 4.11
|
0.307
|
|
Preop.ROM(°)
|
99.87 ± 8.33
|
100.01 ± 7.83
|
103.45 ± 5.35
|
101.53 ± 6.28
|
102.08 ± 6.72
|
99.37 ± 5.04
|
100.88 ± 6.98
|
102.41 ± 7.73
|
0.238
|
|
Surgical duration(min)
|
67.60 ± 12.39
|
64.93 ± 10.79
|
68.13 ± 8.97
|
66.03 ± 12.17
|
66.07 ± 9.75
|
64.00 ± 8.53
|
63.37 ± 12.18
|
70.10 ± 11.18
|
0.256
|
|
Total blood loss(mL)
|
1268.84 ± 342.15
|
1164.27 ± 304.19
|
653.79 ± 246.20
|
781.26 ± 213.79
|
1584.33 ± 359.21
|
1049.12 ± 266.72
|
1002.48 ± 316.29
|
739.15 ± 226.37
|
<0.001
|
|
Transfusion
|
9
|
5
|
1
|
7
|
12
|
3
|
5
|
4
|
0.009*
|
|
Preop.Hb(g/dL)
|
13.87 ± 0.66
|
13.44 ± 1.23
|
13.92 ± 1.25
|
13.89 ± 0.95
|
13.62 ± 1.02
|
13.41 ± 1.07
|
13.99 ± 1.09
|
13.47 ± 0.72
|
0.117
|
|
24-h Hb(g/dL)
|
11.82 ± 1.04
|
11.49 ± 1.30
|
12.09 ± 1.40
|
12.74 ± 0.94
|
10.37 ± 1.26
|
11.48 ± 1.35
|
11.94 ± 1.31
|
12.11 ± 0.95
|
<0.001*
|
|
Hb change(g/dL)
|
2.02 ± 0.84
|
1.95 ± 0.57
|
1.83 ± 0.61
|
1.14 ± 0.39
|
3.22 ± 1.06
|
1.93 ± 0.75
|
2.09 ± 0.61
|
1.36 ± 0.55
|
<0.001*
|
|
DVT
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0.541
|
|
PE
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0.432
|
- Notes: Preop.ROM preoperative range of motion, Preop.Hb preoperative hemoglobin. Measurement data are presented as mean ± standard deviation. Comparisons among multiple groups were analyzed using ANOVA, followed by Tukey’s post hoc test. Enumeration data were analyzed by chi-square test. *p < 0.05
