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Table 3 Clinical results of meta-analysis

From: The effect of musical interventions in improving short-term pain outcomes following total knee replacement: a meta-analysis and systematic review

Clinical results

Studies

Number of participants

Incidence

Total

Music

Control

P

MD

95% CI

Heterogeneity P (I2)

Model

Pain severity

         

 During PRR

2

80

40

40

0.27

− 1.22

− 3.38 to 0.94

0.01(85%)

Random

 Back to the ward after surgery

2

80

40

40

0.60

− 0.61

− 2.91 to 1.68

0.009(85%)

Random

 On POD 1

5

213

107

106

0.68

− 0.28

− 1.60 to 1.04

0.0007(79%)

Random

Anxiety degree

         

 Before PT on POD 1

2

147

77

70

0.87

− 0.18

− 2.35 to 1.99

0.004 (88%)

Random

 After PT on POD 1

2

147

77

70

0.20

− 1.49

− 3.78 to 0.79

0.001(91%)

Random

Average increase in CPM angles

         

 On POD 1

2

141

74

67

0.0008

8.90

3.72 to 14.08

0.01(84%)

Random

 On POD 2

2

141

74

67

< 0.00001

4.24

2.15 to 6.32

0.13(56%)

Random

Heart rate

         

 Before PT on POD 1

2

147

77

70

0.54

1.23

− 2.66 to 5.13

0.49(0%)

Fixed

 After PT on POD 1

3

207

107

100

0.97

0.31

− 3.53 to 3.65

0.31(16%)

Fixed

Blood pressure

         

 Systolic blood pressure

2

90

45

45

0.52

− 2.76

− 11.10 to 5.58

0.46(0%)

Fixed

 Diastolic blood pressure

2

90

45

45

0.38

− 1.80

− 5.78 to 2.19

0.83(0%)

Random

Respiratory rate

2

116

58

58

0.56

0.14

− 0.33 to 0.61

0.93(0%)

Fixed

Oxygen saturation

2

116

58

58

0.22

− 0.51

− 1.32 to 0.31

0.50(0%)

Fixed

LF/HF ratio

         

 Before PT on POD 1

2

141

74

67

< 0.00001

− 1.00

− 1.23 to − 0.78

0.96(0%)

 

 After PT on POD 1

2

141

74

67

< 0.00001

− 1.40

− 1.50 to − 1.30

0.98(0%)

Fixed

 Before PT on POD 2

2

141

74

67

< 0.00001

− 0.90

− 0.98 to − 0.82

0.95(0%)

Fixed

 After PT on POD 2

2

141

74

67

< 0.00001

− 1.60

− 1.71 to − 1.49

1.00(0%)

Fixed

  1. PRR postoperative recovery room, MD mean difference, CI confidence interval, FPM fast-paced music, POD postoperative day, CPM continuous passive motion, LF/HF one kind index of heart rate variability