Table 2 ASBMR Task Force 2013 Revised Case Definition of AFFs [6]
From: Atypical periprosthetic femoral fracture associated with long-term bisphosphonate therapy
Major criteria | Minor criteria | Exclusion criteria |
|---|---|---|
• minimal or no trauma • Transverse or slightly oblique fracture line • Complete fractures extend through both cortices and may be associated with a medial spike; incomplete fractures involve only the lateral cortex • non or minimally comminuted fracture • Localized periosteal or endosteal thickening of the lateral cortex is present at the fracture site | • increase in cortical thickness of the femoral diaphyses • Unilateral or bilateral prodromal symptoms such as dull or aching pain in the groin or thigh • Bilateral incomplete or complete diaphysis fractures • Delayed healing | • femoral neck fracture • intertrochanteric fractures with spiral subtrochanteric extension • periprosthetic fractures • pathological fractures related to primary or metastatic bone tumors and miscellaneous bone diseases |