Table 1 Basic characteristics of included studies and NOS scores for the non-RCTs
Study | Language | Study design | Sample size | Age (years) | Gender (M/F) | BMD (T-score) | Course of disease (months) | Follow-up (months) | NOS scores | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
PVP | PKP | PVP | PKP | PVP | PKP | PVP | PKP | PVP | PKP | |||||
Chang et al. [26] | English | RCT | 28 | 28 | 75.0 ± 5.8 | 75.1 ± 5.7 | 6/22 | 8/20 | − 4.35 ± 0.91 | − 4.47 ± 0.89 | 8.7 ± 3.0 | 8.4 ± 2.9 | 33.5 for PVP, 35.2 for PKP | NR |
Fang and Yu-Liang [29] | Chinese | RCS | 20 | 20 | 72.02 ± 4.96 | 72.43 ± 5.64 | 5/15 | 7/13 | − 4.7~− 2.6 | > 3 | 10~18 | ∗∗∗∗∗∗∗ | ||
Jiang and Zhang [27] | Chinese | RCS | 27 | 24 | 74.92 ± 4.97 | 75.08 ± 4.99 | 8/19 | 6/18 | − 2.58 ± 0.57 | − 2.61 ± 0.63 | NR | 12 | ∗∗∗∗∗∗∗ | |
Kong et al. [34] | English | RCS | 24 | 29 | 70.5 ± 6.4 | 71.9 ± 7.0 | 8/16 | 7/22 | NR | 4.4 ± 3.5 | 4.1 ± 3.7 | 12 | ∗∗∗∗∗∗∗ | |
Li et al. [33] | Chinese | RCS | 151 | 113 | 66.2 ± 5.63 | 68.7 ± 6.49 | 69/82 | 41/72 | NR | 0.93 ± 0.16 | 1.0 ± 0.22 | > 12 | ∗∗∗∗∗∗ | |
Yu et al. [31] | Chinese | RCS | 48 | 20 | 74.6(63 ~ 85) | 75.9(65 ~ 87) | 10/38 | 4/16 | − 4.34 ± 0.94 | − 4.35 ± 0.74 | 0.83 | 0.79 | 24 | ∗∗∗∗∗∗∗ |
Xing et al. [30] | Chinese | RCS | 20 | 28 | 67.05 ± 4.03 | 67.21 ± 4.57 | 2/18 | 3/25 | NR | NR | > 12 | ∗∗∗∗∗∗∗ | ||
Zhang et al. [32] | English | RCS | 38 | 35 | 75.58 ± 4.97 | 73.74 ± 4.35 | 10/28 | 9/26 | NR | 3.76 ± 1.68 | 4.05 ± 2.01 | 17.7 for PVP, 17.9 for PKP | ∗∗∗∗∗∗∗ | |
Zhang et al. [28] | English | RCS | 22 | 13 | 72.82 ± 6.99 | 74.38 ± 5.66 | 7/15 | 5/8 | − 3.27 ± 0.49 | − 3.49 ± 0.62 | 7.86 ± 4.37 | 10.15 ± 6.30 | 22.7 for PVP, 19.3 for PKP | ∗∗∗∗∗∗∗ |