| Clearly stated study aim | Inclusion of consecutive patients | Prospective collection of data | Appropriate endpoints | Unbiased assessment of endpoint | Appropriate follow-up period | Loss to follow-up less than 5% | Prospective calculation of study size | Adequate control group | Contemporary groups | Baseline equivalence of groups | Adequate statistical analyses | Total score |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mohammad et al. [9] | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 23/24 |
Malhotra et al. [13] | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 19/24 |
Jang et al. [12] | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 20/24 |
Tu et al. [11] | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 22/24 |
Koh et al. [8] | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 19/24 |
Walker* et al. [12] | 2 | 2 | 2 | NA | NA | NA | NA | 0 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 13/16 |
Hurst* et al. [19] | 2 | 2 | 2 | NA | NA | NA | NA | 0 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 13/16 |