From: RETRACTED ARTICLE: Treatment for lumbar spinal stenosis secondary to ligamentum flavum hypertrophy using percutaneous endoscopy through interlaminar approach: a retrospective study
Control group
Endoscopy group
Case (n)
20
Male (n)
10
9
Female (n)
11
Age (year)
65.65 ± 4.44
67.30 ± 4.23
Average disease duration
4.55 ± 1.85
4.95 ± 2.04
L4–5 (n)
13
14
L5–S1 (n)
7
6