Low vitamin D levels in post-menopausal women are associated with complex regional pain syndrome type I in surgically treated distal radius fractures

Table 5 Results of univariable binary logistic regression analysis using CRPS I as response

Predictor	Subgroup	OR (95% CIs)	p value
Vitamin D	Serum 25(OH) D₃ level	0.929 (0.868-0.994)	0.032
	Sufficiency vs. insufficiency vs. deficiency		0.439
	Sufficiency vs. deficiency	0.301 (0.036-2.536)	0.27
	Insufficiency vs. deficiency	0.623 (0.201-1.931)	0.413
ALP		0.998 (0.984-1.012)	0.762
Osteocalcin		0.987 (0.937-1.039)	0.623
Age		0.937 (0.883-0.993)	0.028
Season			0.302
	Summer vs. spring	0.429 (0.093-1.98)	0.278
	Fall vs. spring	0.343 (0.086-1.37)	0.13
	Winter vs. spring	0.325 (0.088-1.191)	0.09
	summer and fall vs. winter and spring	0.7 (0.252-1.946)	0.494
AO classification			0.192
	B vs. A	9.2 (0.692-122.351)	0.093
	C vs. A	6.133 (0.769-48.914)	0.087
External fixation			0.723
	EF with K wires vs. ORIF with plate	2.441 (0.209-28.475)	0.476
	EF with plate vs. ORIF with plate	1.627 (0.16-16.603)	0.681
Dorsal plating		2.471 (0.418-14.587)	0.318
BMI		0.975 (0.834-1.141)	0.756
BMD (femur)		1.341 (0.771-2.331)	0.298
BMD (spine)		0.902 (0.583-1.394)	0.641

OR odd ratio, 95% CIs 95% confidence intervals, 25(OH)D₃ 25-hydroxyvitaminD₃, ALP alkaline phosphatase, EF external fixation with external fixator, K wires Kirschner wires, ORIF open reduction and internal fixation, BMI body mass index, BMD bone mineral density

ISSN: 1749-799X