Patient and surgical prognostic factors for inpatient functional recovery following THA and TKA: a prospective cohort study

Table 4 Correlation between individual potential prognostic factors and POD 2 mILAS scores

Potential prognostic factors	r or r_S	p value
Patient-related factors
Age	0.34	< 0.001*
Pre-operative Hb	− 0.19	< 0.001*
RAPT score	− 0.39	< 0.001*
Pre-operative patient-reported function (OKS/OHS)	− 0.16	< 0.001*
Pre-operative function (mILAS)	0.20	< 0.001*
Pre-operative function (TUG)	0.33	< 0.001*
Pre-operative function (10mWT)	0.34	< 0.001*
Gender (0 = female, 1 = male)	− 0.19	< 0.001*
ASA	0.17	0.002*
Pre-operative patient-reported general health (EQ-5D VAS)	− 0.11	0.04*
Pre-operative pain (VAS)	0.09	0.11
BMI	0.05	0.34
Surgical factors
Surgical approach (THA cohort only) (0 = PA, 1 = DAA or DSA)	− 0.37	< 0.001*
LIA use	− 0.21	< 0.001*
Surgery duration	− 0.24	< 0.001*
PCA use	0.18	0.001*
Arthroplasty site (0 = THA, 1 = TKA)	0.17	0.002*
Intra-articular catheter (TKA cohort only)	− 0.19	0.003*
GA only	− 0.13	0.02*
Sedation and spinal anaesthesia	0.09	0.09*
Robot-assisted surgery	− 0.09	0.09*
Single-shot regional block (TKA cohort only)	0.08	0.21
Oral analgesia only	0.06	0.25
GA and spinal anaesthesia	0.03	0.53
Surgical approach (TKA cohort only) (1 = parapatellar approach, 2 = subvastus approach)	− 0.04	0.54
Ambulatory regional block (TKA cohort only)	0.04	0.57
Tourniquet pressure (TKA cohort only)	− 0.02	0.76
Tourniquet duration (TKA cohort only)	− 0.02	0.80

ASA American Society of Anaesthesiologists, BMI body mass index, DAA direct anterior approach, DOS day of surgery, DSA direct superior approach, EQ-5D VAS EuroQol-5 Dimension Visual Analogue Scale, Hb haemaglobin, GA general anaesthesia, LIA local infiltration analgesia, mILAS modified Iowa Level of Assistance Scale, OKS Oxford Knee Score, OHS Oxford Hip Score, PA posterior approach, PCA patient-controlled analgesia, POD post-operative day, RAPT Risk Assessment and Prediction Tool, THA total hip arthroplasty, TKA total knee arthroplasty, TUG Timed Up and Go test, VAS visual analogue scale, 10mWT ten-metre walk test
*Statistical significance assessed at the 0.1 level. p values were derived from Pearson’s correlation, Spearman’s correlation, or point biserial correlation, as appropriate for variable type

ISSN: 1749-799X