Fig. 3
From: Ultrasonic bone scalpel for thoracic spinal decompression: case series and technical note
The intraoperative images of a standard operating procedure for circumferential decompression with UBS. a Expose the lamina and transverse processes. b Pry and amputate the lamina. c Separate the adhesion of the ossified ligament and the dura mater. d En bloc resection of the lamina and ossified ligamentum flavum. e Resect the facet joints. f Cut the base of OPLL with a specific designed angled tip. g Complete decompression. h The resected OPLL mass. i Pressurized fixation with screw-rod system