Intrathecal versus local infiltration analgesia for pain control in total joint arthroplasty

Table 1 General characteristic of the included studies

Author	Country	ASA	Cases (n, LIA/ITM)	Mean age (years, LIA/ITM)	Female patients (%, LIA/ITM)	Anesthesia	Drug dose of LIA	Drug dose of ITM	Surgery	Follow-up	Study
Andersen et al. [15]	Denmark	I–III	19/21	69/67	52/50	SA	300 mg ropivacaine + 0.5 mg epinephrine	60 mg lidocaine	TKA	72 h	RCT
Andersen et al. [16]	Denmark	I–III	37/38	61/61	38.9/42.4	SA	200 mg ropivacaine + 0.5 mg epinephrine	60 mg lidocaine	THA	14 days	RCT
Binici et al. [17]	Turkey	II–III	15/15	69.4/70.2	41.2/40	SA	240 mg bupivacaine	240 mg bupivacaine	TKA	48 h	RCT
Essving et al. [18]	Sweden	I–III	25/25	71/70	38.9/38.5	SA	300 mg ropivacaine + 0.1 mg epinephrine	0.1 mg morphine	TKA	72 h	RCT
Kuchalik et al. [19]	Sweden	I–III	40/40	66/67	45.4/52.4	SA	300 mg ropivacaine + 0.1 mg epinephrine	0.1 mg morphine	THA	NS	RCT
Rikalainen-Salmi et al. [20]	Finland	I–III	30/30	65/66	NS	SA	120 mg bupivacaine	0.1 mg morphine	THA	72 h	RCT
Spreng et al. [21]	Norway	I–III	33/33	65.8/67.2	49.7/48.4	SA	142.5 ropivacaine	Fentanyl ns	TKA	NS	RCT
Tammachote et al. [22]	Thailand	NS	28/29	69/70	51.2/53.6	SA	100 mg bupivacaine	60 mg bupivacaine + 15 mg epinephrine	TKA	7 days	RCT
Tsukada et al. [23]	Japan	NS	61/50	NS	NS	SA	200 mg ropivacaine + 0.3 mg epinephrine	8 mg morphine	TKA	NS	RCT
Tsukada et al. [24]	Japan	NS	33/37	NS	NS	SA	200 mg ropivacaine + 0.3 mg epinephrine	200 mg ropivacaine + 8 mg morphine	TKA	NS	RCT
McCarthy et al. [13]	Ireland	I–III	22/21	66/64.3	19/43	SA	Levobupivacaine 0.5% 2 mg kg 1 body weight and adrenaline 0.5 mg diluted to a total volume of 100 ml with 0.9% saline	300 μg morphine	TKA	48 h	RCT

SA spinal anesthesia, TKA total knee arthroplasty, THA total hip arthroplasty, RCT randomized controlled trials, NS not stated

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