Fig. 3
a–i Histology for group 1 revealed the irregular surface of the newly formed tissue, disorganized cell distribution, and the presence of a fibrocartilage matrix (a, d). Group 2 showed a more regular surface; the matrix was composed of both hyaline cartilage and fibrocartilage, while cell distribution would range from disorganized to mixed columnar and cluster (b, e). Group 3 demonstrated a regular surface, with hyaline matrix mixed with fibrocartilage in some areas, but with chondrocytes distributed in a more organized pattern (c, f). Arrows highlight the surface. Immunohistochemistry in the control group was consistent with weakly detectable collagen type II fibers. In group 2, they were detectable but would follow an irregular pattern, while group 3 revealed orderly oriented collagen type II fibers (g–i)